Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Giardiasis among Children in District Anantnag of Kashmir Valley, India

Abstract

The present study aims to determine the prevalence of giardiasis among different age groups, sexes and rural/urban categories of children in district Anantnag of Kashmir valley and to find out the risk factors associated with it. A total of 268 samples were collected out of which 8.2% were found to be positive for giardiasis. The prevalence rate was significantly higher in case of male children (10.4%) than in females (6.29%). The prevalence rate was highest in the age group of 5-8 years (13.7%) and least in the age group of 13-15 years (3.88%). The difference in prevalence rate among different age groups was statistically significant. Rural urban comparison showed that children in rural areas (9.87%) were more infected than the children in urban areas (6.03%). Source of drinking water, defecation site, education of mother and personal hygiene proved to be important factors which influenced the prevalence rates among children.

Assessment of prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection and its associated factors among government elementary school children from Sidama zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

“…lamblia infection than counterparts ( Table 4 ). This is in consistent with the study from India ( P = 0.01) [ 40 ] and in Tirana [ 41 ]. Another study reported in Brazil stated that the age group of 5–10 had 1.18 (AOR = 1.18, 90% CI; 1.0–1.36; P = 0.002) times more likely infected with G .…”

“…lamblia were higher among the school children belonging to rural areas such as Aregeda primary school being 45.8% than that of urban areas in Hantate elementary school 12.4%. This finding is consistent with a study conducted in India which stated that, the infection rate was higher among the children belonging to rural areas (9.87%) than in children belonging to urban areas being 6.03% [ 40 ]. As the present study showed that, rural primary schools in Aregeda had 9.97 (AOR = 9.979, 95% CI; 1.976–15.392, P = 0.005) times more likely to be exposed with G .…”

“…This result was supported by a research done at South Eastern Nigeria, where the prevalence rate was higher among males 5.7% than females 4.8% [ 39 ]. In Kashmir valley from India, the infection rate was found to be higher in case of male children 10.4% than in females 6.29% [ 40 ]. Similarly, in Tirana it was reported that 55.6% of males and 44.4% of females are found to be prone to Giardiasis [ 41 ].…”

Intestinal Parasitic Infections among the Pediatric Patients in a Metropolitan City of Bangladesh with Emphasis on Cryptosporidiosis

“…In Sikkim of India, a prospective study among symptomatic children (<15 years) was done where Giardia cysts were found in 5% of cases by wet mount [99]. About 8.2% of patients were positive for giardiasis through the direct smear method in Kashmir Valley, India [100]. Another study in Lucknow of India showed that Giardia was detected 15.5% by immediate wet mount preparation [101], much higher than the current study findings.…”

Intestinal Parasitic Infections Among Pediatric Patients in a Metropolitan City of Bangladesh With Emphasis on Cryptosporidiosis

“…In Sikkim, India, a prospective study among symptomatic children (<15 years) was done where Giardia cysts were found in 5% of cases by wet mount [ 109 ]. About 8.2% of patients were positive for giardiasis through the direct smear method in Kashmir Valley, India [ 110 ]. Another study in Lucknow, India, showed that Giardia was detected in 15.5% by immediate wet mount preparation [ 111 ], much higher than the current study findings.…”