Prevalence and Changing Pattern of Undernutrition Among Women in West Bengal: A Comparative Study Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5

Ali, Asif; Sen, Susanta; Banerjee, Amit; Saha, Soumitra; Chakma, Namita

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40128-2_14

Population, Sanitation and Health 2023

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-40128-2_14

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Prevalence and Changing Pattern of Undernutrition Among Women in West Bengal: A Comparative Study Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5

Asif Ali,

Susanta Sen,

Amit Banerjee

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Rural-urban differentials in undernutrition among women in India: Evidence from a decomposition approach

Ali,

Sen,

Banerjee

et al. 2024

Nutr Health

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Background: Global healthcare and nutrition policies have not eliminated the pressing public health issue of undernutrition, which remains a paramount public health concern in countries like India, coinciding with overweight and obesity, in the form of dual burden of malnutrition. Aim: This study delves into the rural-urban differential in undernutrition among reproductive-aged women in India for targeted policy interventions and to achieve universal health coverage. Methods: Data from the recent iteration of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5; 2019–21) were utilized to examine the factors influencing rural-urban differentials in women's undernutrition. A set of logistic regression and Fairlie's decomposition analysis are employed to identify the associated covariates and understand the factors driving these differentials. Results: The analysis reveals that rural women are significantly more vulnerable to undernutrition compared to urban counterparts, with factors such as education, wealth status, age, and dietary diversity playing key roles. The decomposition analysis of the rural-urban gap revealed that the variables considered in the study accounted for approximately 75% of the disparity. The difference in household wealth between rural and urban areas contributed about 63% of the explained gap, followed by educational status (16%), age group (11%), dietary diversity (8%), religion (5%), and media exposure (4%). Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions addressing socio-economic inequalities to mitigate undernutrition among women in India. Enhancing access to education, improving economic opportunities, promoting dietary diversity, and challenging cultural norms are crucial steps towards achieving equitable nutritional outcomes and reducing the existing rural-urban disparity.

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Rural-urban differentials in undernutrition among women in India: Evidence from a decomposition approach

Ali,

Sen,

Banerjee

et al. 2024

Nutr Health

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Modern contraceptive use among currently married non-pregnant women (aged 15–49 years) in West Bengal, India: a reflection from NFHS-5

Sen,

Banerjee,

Ali

et al. 2024

Contracept Reprod Med

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Background There is a dearth of research on modern family planning practices in high focus states like West Bengal in India with diverse population groups and distinct health needs. Thus, this study aims to investigate the latest picture of modern contraceptive use and its associated socio-demographic factors among currently married non-pregnant of reproductive aged (15–49 years) women in West Bengal. Methods The study is based on secondary data, collected from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5; 2019-20). A total of 15,841 currently married non-pregnant women were included into this study. With the overarching goal of understanding the determinants and patterns of modern contraceptive use, the study employed a combination of bi-variate and multivariate analyses, including logistic regression. Results The results reveal that female sterilization is the most common modern contraceptive method across the state. Contraceptive use varies by district, from 43% in Puruliya to 77.3% in Birbhum. Women aged 30–34 were significantly more likely to use contraception (OR = 1.47), while those aged 45–49 were less likely to use it (OR = 0.74). Women with mixed gender composition of living children (OR = 1.48) were more likely to use contraception, compared to women with no children (OR = 0.21) or daughters only (OR = 0.80). SC women (OR = 1.63) and Christians (OR = 2.17) showed higher usage. Wealthier women (OR = 1.26) and urban residents also reported higher use. Moreover, son preference continues and women married after 18 are less likely to adopt modern methods. These findings highlight the need to improve reproductive health outcomes and overcome barriers to increasing contraceptive uptake. Conclusion Targeted interventions focusing on education, awareness-building, and improving access to diverse contraceptive options are recommended to empower women in making informed reproductive choices and advancing reproductive rights and health equity. Also, effective modern contraceptive services must overcome legal policy, social, cultural and structural barriers to benefit more women.

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Prevalence and Changing Pattern of Undernutrition Among Women in West Bengal: A Comparative Study Between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Rural-urban differentials in undernutrition among women in India: Evidence from a decomposition approach

Rural-urban differentials in undernutrition among women in India: Evidence from a decomposition approach

Modern contraceptive use among currently married non-pregnant women (aged 15–49 years) in West Bengal, India: a reflection from NFHS-5

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