Prevalence and characteristics of driving difficulties in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom combat returnees

Lew, Henry L.; Kraft, Malissa; Pogoda, Terri K.; Amick, Melissa M.; Woods, Patricia; Cifu, David X.

doi:10.1682/jrrd.2010.08.0140

Cited by 34 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…These observations have been supported by prior literature on Veterans with PTSD, which has shown that post-9/11 Veterans with PTSD are more likely than those who screen negative for PTSD to report aggressive driving and more persistent driving problems [6,14], and they are four times more likely to report anxiety and hyperarousal on the road [4]. Amick et al also reported that combat Veterans with comorbid PTSD and mild TBI make more critical errors while driving in a simulated environment than nondisabled control subjects [6].…”

Section: Combat Veterans Of Iraq and Afghanistan (Operation Iraqi Fresupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Many of the high-risk behaviors endorsed by our sample (e.g., speeding, accelerating through yellow lights, becoming easily distracted by sights and sounds) have been reported in prior studies on Veterans [2,14]. However, several protective behaviors were also highly endorsed by this sample (e.g., wearing a seatbelt or helmet, using a designated driver), and this finding likely to wear seatbelts and more likely to drive intoxicated than noncombat Veterans [8,[22][23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Jakupcak et al [24] found that Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans with PTSD reported greater aggression, anger, and hostility than Veterans without PTSD, while Lew et al [14] reported that 82 percent of OIF/OEF Veterans seen in a polytrauma clinic most frequently endorsed anger and impatience as their primary area of difficulty on the road. While this study subsequently hypothesized similar findings, this sample did not highly endorse anger on the road (only 21% endorsed very frequent anger), suggesting that "anger" may be too strong a term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary findings of a novel measure of driving behaviors in Veterans with comorbid TBI and PTSD

2016

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Abstract-Veterans of the military operations in Iraq andAfghanistan are at an elevated risk of driving-related accidents and fatalities compared with civilians. Combat exposure, military driving training, risk-seeking, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are all factors associated with driving-related risk. However, few empirical studies have observed driving patterns in this population, and the influence of these contributing factors remains unclear. This study utilized a novel self-report measure to assess driving behaviors, driving-related anxiety, and emotional experiences of military Veterans who have returned to civilian driving. This questionnaire was completed by 23 combat Veterans diagnosed with comorbid TBI and PTSD and 10 nondisabled combat Veterans. Drivers with TBI and PTSD reported more frequent high-risk driving behaviors and higher levels of anxiety while driving in certain situations than nondisabled combat Veterans. These preliminary findings highlight the importance of studying on-the-road situations and cues that produce anxiety in Veterans, particularly those with TBI and PTSD. A greater understanding of driving-related anxiety is needed to inform targeted and effective interventions for unsafe driving in Veterans.

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Section: Combat Veterans Of Iraq and Afghanistan (Operation Iraqi Fresupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary findings of a novel measure of driving behaviors in Veterans with comorbid TBI and PTSD

2016

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“…Previous studies using survey or self-report methods, and including returning OIF/OEF Veterans, have identified aggressive, unsafe, or dangerous driving as issues for those with PTSD [13], TBI [3], or both conditions [4][5]11,[14][15]. TBI leads to cognitive, physical, behavioral, emotional, visual, and perceptual deficits [16], which can result in unsafe vehicle operation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory pilot study of driving perceptions among OIF/OEF Veterans with mTBI and PTSD

Hannold¹,

Classen²,

Winter³

et al. 2013

J Rehabil Res Dev

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Abstract-Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan may experience driving-related challenges postdeployment, including more atfault crashes. Causes may include defensive driving tactics learned for combat zones and consequences of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Tailoring driver interventions to meet Veterans' needs requires an understanding of their driving perceptions. We explored the driving perceptions of five combat Veterans (4 men, 1 woman) with mild TBI and PTSD using grounded theory methods. Veterans participated in single, semistructured interviews during a comprehensive driving evaluation. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, verified, and imported into NVivo 8 software for coding and analysis. Veterans were insightful about driving and identified specific environmental triggers for anxious driving, speeding, and road rage. Veterans used strategies to moderate driving behaviors, but continued to drive aggressively. Themes were used to develop a conceptual framework of driving postdeployment, laying the foundation for intervention studies.

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“…Normal hearing, vision, and balance and coordination are important for performing activities of daily living, psychosocial functioning, leisure activities, and employment [7,[37][38][39][40][41][42] and are necessary for communication and rehabilitation. A growing literature suggests auditory, visual, and vestibular symptoms are common among OIF/OEF veterans who have experienced TBI, but no studies to date have examined the coexistence of these symptoms in a large cohort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisensory impairment reported by veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury history

Pogoda¹,

Hendricks²,

Iverson³

et al. 2012

JRRD

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Abstract-With the use of Veterans Health Administration and Department of Defense databases of veterans who completed a Department of Veterans Affairs comprehensive traumatic brain injury (TBI) evaluation, the objectives of this study were to (1) identify the co-occurrence of self-reported auditory, visual, and vestibular impairment, referred to as multisensory impairment (MSI), and (2) examine demographic, deployment-related, and mental health characteristics that were potentially predictive of MSI. Our sample included 13,746 veterans with either a history of deployment-related mild TBI (mTBI) (n = 9,998) or no history of TBI (n = 3,748). The percentage of MSI across the sample was 13.9%, but was 17.4% in a subsample with mTBI history that experienced both nonblast and blast injuries. The factors that were significantly predictive of reporting MSI were older age, being female, lower rank, and etiology of injury. Deployment-related mTBI history, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression were also significantly predictive of reporting MSI, with mTBI history the most robust after adjusting for these conditions. A better comprehension of impairments incurred by deployed servicemembers is needed to fully understand the spectrum of blast and nonblast dysfunction and may allow for more targeted interventions to be developed to address these issues.

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Prevalence and characteristics of driving difficulties in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom combat returnees

Cited by 34 publications

References 54 publications

Preliminary findings of a novel measure of driving behaviors in Veterans with comorbid TBI and PTSD

Preliminary findings of a novel measure of driving behaviors in Veterans with comorbid TBI and PTSD

Exploratory pilot study of driving perceptions among OIF/OEF Veterans with mTBI and PTSD

Multisensory impairment reported by veterans with and without mild traumatic brain injury history

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