Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Vrielinck, J; Sarrazin, Steven; Schoos, Alexandra; Janssens, Geert; Maes, Dominiek

doi:10.1111/jpn.13169

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…This discrepancy between macroscopic and microscopic findings is not unusual. Stones are a result of long-term exposure to supersaturated urine, whereas urinary crystals are related to the current urinary composition [ 24 ]. Also, the urinary mineral concentrations were different between the farms: for farm B, Ca, Mg, and K concentrations were lower than those of farm A, whereas farm B has the highest P and Na urinary concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urolithiasis Problems in Finishing Pigs

Vrielinck,

Janssens,

Chantziaras

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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This paper describes cases of urolithiasis in fattening pigs on two farms (A and B). Bladder rupture due to urethral obstruction with calculi was the principal finding during the necropsy of the pigs. An in-depth diagnostic examination was performed to elucidate possible pathophysiological mechanisms, namely Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR) analysis of the uroliths, blood analysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 10 samples) for assessing concentrations of minerals, the bone resorption marker cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and vitamin D components, biochemical urinalysis (farm A: 5 samples, farm B: 7 samples), microscopic examination of urinary sediment (Farms A and B: 7 samples each), mineral composition of the feed, and analysis of the drinking water. Calcium carbonate was the main component found in stones from both farms, and calcium carbonate and struvite were the main components found in crystals from farms A and B, respectively. On farm A, urinary calcium excretion and urinary pH were high; on farm B, urinary phosphorus was high and urinary calcium was low with a normal urinary pH. The mineral compositions of the feed and drinking water were similar on both farms and could therefore not explain the difference between the two farms. Disturbances in calcium and phosphorus absorption and homeostasis might have been involved in these problems. Further research should focus on the calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels in the feed and take into account other factors, such as the absorption and excretion of minerals due to gut and urinary microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urolithiasis Problems in Finishing Pigs

Vrielinck,

Janssens,

Chantziaras

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Effect of Feed Supplementation with Tripotassium Citrate or Sodium Chloride on the Development of Urinary Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Fattening Pigs

Vrielinck

Janssens

Chantziaras

et al. 2022

Veterinary Sciences

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The present study investigated whether dietary supplementation of tripotassium citrate or NaCl reduced the prevalence of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) uroliths in fattening pigs on a farm with a high prevalence of COD uroliths. Each group (control, TPC, NaCl) consisted of three batches of approximately 260 fattening pigs each. Performance, water intake, markers for bone resorption (CTX) and bone formation (osteocalcin) and urinalysis from samples taken at the farm and in the slaughterhouse were investigated. Performance parameters, feed and water intake, CTX and osteocalcin were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). The main crystals found were struvite, COD, calcite and amorphous crystals. The prevalence of COD crystals was lower in samples from the slaughterhouse in each group. Microscopic and biochemical examination of urine showed large differences between samples from the farm and the slaughterhouse. In conclusion, there were no beneficial effects of feed supplementation with TPC or NaCl on the prevalence of COD crystals but TPC has a clear promoting influence on the development of alkaline calcite crystals. Urinalysis from samples taken at the slaughterhouse does not fully reflect the situation on the farm.

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Prevalence and chemical composition of uroliths in fattening pigs in Belgium

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Urolithiasis Problems in Finishing Pigs

Urolithiasis Problems in Finishing Pigs

Effect of Feed Supplementation with Tripotassium Citrate or Sodium Chloride on the Development of Urinary Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Fattening Pigs

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