Prevalence and clinical implications of abnormal body composition phenotypes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Montes‐Ibarra, Montserrat; Orsso, Camila E.; Limon‐Miro, Ana Teresa; González, Marı́a Cristina; Marzetti, Emanuele; Landi, Francesco; Heymsfield, Steven B.; Barazonni, Rocco; Prado, Carla M.

doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.003

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(554 reference statements)

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“…For example, COVID-19 infection significantly affected muscle health, potentially exacerbating sarcopenic conditions [13]. In addition, a link between infectious diseases and the development of complex conditions related to body composition has been suggested [14]. Furthermore, the lack of new original data on the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the events leading to the skeletal alterations in subjects with sarcopenic obesity, recent interesting reviews highlight the main points of future research in this field [15 Since the concomitant presence of obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis represents a dreadful trio potentially occurring in postmenopausal women and individuals of advanced age, as each of these conditions is related with adverse outcomes in terms of morbidity, quality of life, and mortality [16], recent works have tried to identify clinical potential early biomarkers and factors further involved in OSO development [17].…”

Section: Interplay Of Adipose Tissue Skeletal Muscle and Bonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenic obesity and the impact on bone health

Migliaccio,

Mocini,

Minnetti

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of the review Sarcopenic obesity is a newly identified pathological entity defined by an increase in body fat mass with an associated sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. Recently, the concomitant presence of skeletal alteration with sarcopenic obesity has been described leading to a new clinical entity defined osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO). Many studies have tried to unravel the metabolic complex mechanism leading to this clinical entity in order to understand the pathophysiology of this complex condition with the aim of posing an early diagnosis to improve the therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight and revise recent studies on this issue. Recent findings Recent research in the field of OSO has highlighted the role of nutrition and physical activity in the development and management of these conditions. While molecular and cellular pathways remain partially understood, there is a growing focus on lifestyle interventions as key factors in reducing the impact of OSO. These studies emphasize the need for early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic strategies to improve quality of life and decrease morbidity and mortality associated with OSO. Summary Although the pathophysiological pathways underlying OSO are not fully understood, the clinical implications underscore the need for expanded research in this field. This research is crucial for enabling early diagnosis and implementing effective therapeutic interventions, with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality and enhancing quality of life.

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Section: Interplay Of Adipose Tissue Skeletal Muscle and Bonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenic obesity and the impact on bone health

Migliaccio,

Mocini,

Minnetti

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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“… 6 Body fat distribution, specifically a higher proportion of adipose tissue around the visceral area, has also been associated with worst covid-19 outcomes, though the number of studies is limited. 9 …”

Section: People With Obesity and Diabetes Were Disproportionately Aff...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A systematic review of 62 studies investigated the role of body composition on covid-19 severity, 9 reporting that visceral adipose tissue was associated with intensive care admission (6 out of 7 studies) and that intramuscular adipose tissue was associated with covid-19 severity (2 out of 2 studies) and mortality (4 out of 5 studies).…”

Section: People With Obesity and Diabetes Were Disproportionately Aff...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interwoven challenges of covid-19, poor diet, and cardiometabolic health

Piernas,

Merino

2023

BMJ

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“…Among these, the most frequently reported symptoms by patients include muscle weakness, fatigue, and shortness of breath [5]. Extensive research has demonstrated the negative impact of the syndrome on muscle strength [6][7][8], functional status [9][10][11][12][13][14] and dyspnea [15][16][17]. Predictors of Long COVID included Western ethnicity, BMI, chronic disease, COVID-19 reinfections, severity, symp-toms, lower self-esteem, higher positive affect [18], age, and chest computed tomography severity score [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Physiotherapy on Dyspnea, Muscle Strength and Functional Status in Patients with Long COVID Syndrome

Michalas,

Katsaras,

Spetsioti

et al. 2024

JPM

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Background: Patients who were infected with COVID-19 may experience Long COVID syndrome. We examined the effectiveness of physiotherapy on dyspnea, muscle strength, and functional status in Long COVID syndrome. Methods: The exercise group underwent an 8-week supervised physiotherapeutic program consisting of interval aerobic exercise and strengthening exercises, each lasting 30 min. The control group did not engage in any exercise. Dyspnea, muscle strength, and functional status were assessed at the beginning and end of the intervention in both groups. Results: No significant baseline differences were found between the two groups. The exercise group demonstrated improvements compared to baseline in dyspnea, quadriceps muscle strength, and functional status. Specifically, there was a significant increase of 3.7 lifts in the 60-s sit-to-stand test (p = 0.01), an increase of 5.86 kg in right quadriceps muscle strength (p = 0.03), an increase of 8.26 kg in left quadriceps muscle strength (p = 0.01), and a decrease in dyspnea score by 0.95 points (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Similar studies have reported improvements in dyspnea, muscle strength, and functional status in the exercise group. However, further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these findings.

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Prevalence and clinical implications of abnormal body composition phenotypes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Cited by 18 publications

References 130 publications

Sarcopenic obesity and the impact on bone health

Sarcopenic obesity and the impact on bone health

Interwoven challenges of covid-19, poor diet, and cardiometabolic health

The Effect of Physiotherapy on Dyspnea, Muscle Strength and Functional Status in Patients with Long COVID Syndrome

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