Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Hyponatremia in Pediatric Intensive Care

Al-Sofyani, Khouloud Abdulrhman

doi:10.1055/s-0038-1676635

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Studies have associated hyponatremia with poor outcomes such as seizures, 17,18 poor growth 15,19 , increased duration of hospital stay, 20 hearing loss, 21 cerebral palsy, 22 and increased mortality. 23,24 Hyponatremia associated with diuretic use has not been well studied.…”

Section: Hyponatremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Unlike in adults it is not clear if there is higher incidence of hyponatremia associated with thiazide diuretic use in preterm infants. 16 Studies have associated hyponatremia with poor outcomes such as seizures, 17,18 poor growth 15,19 , increased duration of hospital stay, 20 hearing loss, 21 cerebral palsy, 22 and increased mortality. 23,24 Hyponatremia associated with diuretic use has not been well studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hypochloremia Secondary to Diuretics in Preterm Infants: Should Clinicians Pay Close Attention?

Thekkeveedu

Ramarao

Dankhara

et al. 2021

Global Pediatric Health

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Diuretic therapy, commonly used in the newborn intensive care unit, is associated with a variety of electrolyte abnormalities such as hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia. Hypochloremia, often ignored, is associated with significant morbidities and increased mortality in infants and adults. Clinicians respond in a reflex manner to hyponatremia than to hypochloremia. Hypochloremia is associated with nephrocalcinosis, hypochloremic alkalosis, and poor growth. Besides, the diuretic resistance associated with hypochloremia makes maintaining chloride levels in the physiological range even more logical. Since sodium supplementation counters the renal absorption of calcium and lack of evidence for spironolactone role in diuretic therapy for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), alternate chloride supplements such as potassium or arginine chloride may need to be considered in the management of hypochloremia due to diuretic therapy. In this review, we have summarized the current literature on hypochloremia secondary to diuretics and suggested a pragmatic approach to hypochloremia in preterm infants.

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Section: Hyponatremiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypochloremia Secondary to Diuretics in Preterm Infants: Should Clinicians Pay Close Attention?

Thekkeveedu

Ramarao

Dankhara

et al. 2021

Global Pediatric Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sodium is the major cation in the extracellular fluid and is the main determinant of plasma osmolality, which is estimated according to the following equation (7): ]. In the pediatric population, hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities, with a reported incidence of 17.6% of children presenting to the emergency department [10], 9.3% of hospitalized children [11], and 67.2% of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit [12].…”

Section: Sodium and Water Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Updates in hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Saba,

Hanna,

Creo

2024

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review Hyponatremia and hypernatremia are commonly encountered electrolyte abnormalities that require timely and careful intervention, as they can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent findings This review article addresses the etiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of both hyponatremia and hypernatremia, emphasizing the latest advancements and emerging trends in pediatric care. Summary A methodical approach is needed to accurately assess and treat hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Both conditions continue to rely on serum and urine testing, however newer tests such as copeptin and stimulated testing may hold promise to further refine testing in the future.

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“…The available research on hyponatremia in Saudi Arabia has not focused on the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly, which is the focus of this research. For instance, one study focused on the pediatric age group, which differs physiologically from the elderly in total body water, which has strong implications in the development of hyponatremia [ 12 ]. Although this issue is commonly seen in clinical practice, the availability of data on the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Chart Review: The Prevalence of Hyponatremia Among Elderly Inpatients in a Tertiary Care Centre in Saudi Arabia

Jastaniah¹,

Sagim²,

Sanyour³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Introduction: Hyponatremia is commonly seen in inpatient care; however, the availability of data regarding the prevalence of hyponatremia in the elderly in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia is insufficient.Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of hyponatremia in a sample of older inpatients.Materials and Methods: A retrospective chart review conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia included all patients 60 years and older who were admitted to the internal medicine department between January 2017 and November 2020. Patients with hyponatremia were identified by looking through the hospital's laboratory database of inpatients. Patients' demographics, serum sodium level, medication history, and disease history were recorded and those with pseudohyponatremia were excluded.Results: During the study period, 322 out of a total of 2,893 elderly patients admitted to the internal medicine department were diagnosed with hyponatremia (11.1%). Of these patients, 183 (56.8%) were female and 139 (43.2%) were male. Hyponatremia was more prevalent in patients with cardiovascular diseases (84.2%), followed by endocrine diseases (73.3%). The most prescribed medications for the studied hyponatremic patients were proton pump inhibitors (38.8%), diuretics (29.8%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (22.4%), all of which are commonly known to be associated with hyponatremia.Conclusions: Hyponatremia has severe consequences if left untreated. Therefore, estimating the prevalence of this condition in the older population will direct more clinical attention to evaluate the serum sodium level on a regular basis. It is recommended that future studies focus on finding an association between hyponatremia and older patients with multi-drug usage as well as identifying the causes of hyponatremia.

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Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Hyponatremia in Pediatric Intensive Care

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Hypochloremia Secondary to Diuretics in Preterm Infants: Should Clinicians Pay Close Attention?

Hypochloremia Secondary to Diuretics in Preterm Infants: Should Clinicians Pay Close Attention?

Updates in hyponatremia and hypernatremia

A Retrospective Chart Review: The Prevalence of Hyponatremia Among Elderly Inpatients in a Tertiary Care Centre in Saudi Arabia

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