Prevalence and clusters of modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors among intra- city commercial motor vehicle drivers in a Nigerian metropolitan city

Abstract

Background: Commercial motor vehicle drivers (CMVDs) have worst health profiles among different occupations, yet the presence of clusters of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in this group have not been described in a resource-limited setting.Objectives: The prevalence of CVD risk factors and the clusters among CMVDs was evaluated.Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study.Setting: Four motor parks in three local government areas of Ibadan city, Nigeria.Participants: Consented and conveniently sampled 152 intra-city CMVDs aged ≥ 18 years. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of CVD risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, high triglyceride, low HDLc, high waist-hip ratio, central obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol, and overweight/obesity) and their clusters were determined.Results: All participants were male from 20 – 77 years old. Most of the CMVDs were physically inactive (80, 52.6%), take alcohol (78, 51.3%), and few smokes (35, 12.4%). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia,obesity, and central obesity were 36.2%, 5.9%, 23.7%, 4.6%, and 5.3%, respectively. Four clusters of CVD risk factors in the CMVDs with the prevalence of 36.2%. 33.5%, 17.1% and 13.2% were identified with significant differences (p<0.05) in the risk factors.Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetes, obesity, central obesity, and smoking was low while the prevalence of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia was moderate among the CMVDs, but the prevalence of alcohol intake and physical inactivity were high. Four distinct clusters of CVD risk factors were observed among the drivers.Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Motor vehicles, Commercial vehicle drivers, Nigeria.Funding: The study was self-funded.

Study to Assess the Comprehensive Oral and Cardio-Metabolic Health and its Associated Risk Factors among Bus Drivers and Conductors in Lucknow

“…This also corresponds to some earlier findings where alcohol consumption was done by 40 to 50 % of the bus drivers [15][16][17]. Alcohol consumption is another risk factor for the development of hypertension as drinking might result into road accidents [4]. Smoking is another risk factor and studies have related it to hypertension, which very much corresponds to our study [15,18].…”

“…It also corresponds to the study by Showande and Odukoya, in which hyper triglyceridemia along with central obesity was observed. The study also focused on the fact that among obese drivers hyper lipidemia occurrence might result into diabetes mellitus [4].…”

“…Out of several occupations commercial drivers particularly bus or truck drivers are more prone to cardiovascular problems and sleep disorders. Lack of education, negligible medical facilities and low socio economic status make them more vulnerable [4].…”

Fatores associados ao alto risco cardiovascular segundo o Escore de Framingham: revisão integrativa

“…Um estudo nigeriano sobre fatores de risco cardiovasculares entre motoristas profissionais verificou altas prevalências de inatividade física (52,6%) e de consumo de álcool (51,3%), e moderadas prevalências de hipertensão (36,2%) e de hipertrigliceridemia (23,7%) entre esse grupo de trabalhadores (34) . Além da maior prevalência de fatores de risco cardiovasculares tradicionais entre esses profissionais, salienta-se o risco cardiovascular aumentado de adoecimento em decorrência do estresse durante o exercício da profissão.…”