Prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the elderly in Qatar: A cross-sectional study

Karim, Mustafa Abdul; Reagu, Shuja; Ouanes, Sami; Khan, Abdul Waheed; Smidi, Wesam S; Al-Baz, Nadeen; Alabdulla, Majid

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000029741

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…An important issue associated with preventing the spread of infections resulting from the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and VOCs is vaccine hesitancy, which poses a global health challenge that significantly affects the spread of infections in pandemics [ 78 ]. Vaccine hesitancy and the failure to achieve good herd immunity are especially harmful for high-risk groups, such as older individuals and those with adverse health conditions [ 79 ]. The occurrence of complications such as vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a major contributing factor which has great potential to exacerbate vaccine hesitancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Next Generation Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern

Yahaya

Khalid

Lim

et al. 2023

Viruses

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SARS-CoV-2 has caused the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 673 million infections and 6.85 million deaths globally. Novel mRNA and viral-vectored vaccines were developed and licensed for global immunizations under emergency approval. They have demonstrated good safety and high protective efficacy against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain. However, the emergence of highly infectious and transmissible variants of concern (VOCs) such as Omicron was associated with considerable reductions in the protective efficacy of the current vaccines. The development of next-generation vaccines that could confer broad protection against both the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and VOCs is urgently needed. A bivalent mRNA vaccine encoding the Spike proteins of both the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and the Omicron variant has been constructed and approved by the US FDA. However, mRNA vaccines are associated with instability and require an extremely low temperature (−80 °C) for storage and transportation. They also require complex synthesis and multiple chromatographic purifications. Peptide-based next-generation vaccines could be developed by relying on in silico predictions to identify peptides specifying highly conserved B, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes to elicit broad and long-lasting immune protection. These epitopes were validated in animal models and in early phase clinical trials to demonstrate immunogenicity and safety. Next-generation peptide vaccine formulations could be developed to incorporate only naked peptides, but they are costly to synthesize and production would generate extensive chemical waste. Continual production of recombinant peptides specifying immunogenic B and T cell epitopes could be achieved in hosts such as E. coli or yeast. However, recombinant protein/peptide vaccines require purification before administration. The DNA vaccine might serve as the most effective next-generation vaccine for low-income countries, since it does not require an extremely low temperature for storage or need extensive chromatographic purification. The construction of recombinant plasmids carrying genes specifying highly conserved B and T cell epitopes meant that vaccine candidates representing highly conserved antigenic regions could be rapidly developed. Poor immunogenicity of DNA vaccines could be overcome by the incorporation of chemical or molecular adjuvants and the development of nanoparticles for effective delivery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Next Generation Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern

Yahaya

Khalid

Lim

et al. 2023

Viruses

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These findings are consistent with the literature [ 6 , 7 , 11 ], as shown in Table S3 [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. It has been pointed out that the factors that lead to vaccine hesitancy can only be overcome if the public have access to news on current COVID-19 infectivity trends regionally and internationally, and if they have a clear understanding of the nature of the disease and of the role of vaccination [ 52 ]. In addition, influence from close friends and immediate family was one of the important factors for the acceptance or hesitancy toward the booster.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Hesitancy in Malaysia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2023

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Vaccination is a key public health strategy that is known to be effective in mitigating the risk of infection and severe disease. However, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the percentage (<50%) of Malaysians who have received a booster for the COVID-19 vaccine has remained stagnant over a year. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of and the factors associated with hesitancy toward the second dose of booster for the COVID-19 vaccine. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2022. The Oxford Vaccine Hesitancy Scale was used to assess the hesitancy toward the second dose of booster for the COVID-19 vaccine. Simple and multiple factors logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors of hesitancy. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Data from 798 respondents were included in the analysis. The prevalence of hesitancy toward the second booster of the COVID-19 vaccine was 26.7%. The predictors of second-booster hesitancy were older age (AOR = 1.040, 95 CI = 1.022, 1.058), having received the third dose (first booster) because of instruction by the government (AOR = 2.125, 95% CI = 1.380, 3.274), concern about serious long term side effects of the vaccine (AOR = 4.010, 95% CI = 2.218, 7.250), and opinions of close friends and immediate family members that the booster is harmful (AOR = 2.201, 95% CI = 1.280, 3.785). Conversely, factors that appear to reduce vaccine booster hesitancy were acceptance of the third dose due to the high number of cases and the increasing rate of infection (AOR = 0.548, 95% CI = 0.317, 0.947), the belief that the vaccine will decrease the risk of getting the infection (AOR = 0.491, 95% CI = 0.277, 0.870), and opinions of close friends and immediate family members that the booster is helpful (AOR = 0.479, 95% CI = 0.273, 0.840). In conclusion, more than one-fifth of Malaysians were hesitant to take the second booster of the COVID-19 vaccine. This suggests that appropriate steps that increase vaccine acceptance, taking into consideration the findings of the present study, are needed to address this issue and to foster more positive attitudes toward vaccination. The survey was available in three main languages but limited to people with internet access; hence, it would likely be biased toward younger adults and social media users and exclude those with limited or no internet access, in particular older people. Therefore, the results are not representative of the Malaysian population at large and caution should be exercised when interpreting the findings.

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“…It seems likely that specific elements of the different phases of the pandemic, including which variants of the virus are in circulation, mortality rates and disease severity, and even the strength of restrictive measures, could underpin a change in perception of the risk-benefit ratio, one of the wellknown individual determinants of vaccination hesitancy [8], which also causes variation in vaccine intentions [122,123]. Likewise, effective authorization of the use of vaccines could change vaccine acceptance levels during vaccine trial phases, especially where perceived efficacy and safety of the vaccine are concerned [108,122,[124][125][126][127][128]. However, in line with current literature, our meta-regression analysis showed no difference in vaccine acceptance levels between different phases of the pandemic (first and second wave), and before and after the release of COVID-19 vaccines [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance at the Global and Regional Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Despite the availability of effective and safe vaccines, the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination is suboptimal. In this meta-analysis we quantified the prevalence estimates of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance with a specific focus on worldwide geographical differences. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo up to April 2021 (PROSPERO ID: CRD42021235328). Generalized random-effects linear models with a logit link were used to calculate the pooled estimated rate of vaccine acceptance at both the global and regional level. A meta-regression analysis was performed to assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and various characteristics of the studies. Overall, 71 articles yielding 128 prevalence estimates were included. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate was 66% (95% CI: 61–71%). This varied by geographic area, ranging from 36% (95% CI: 18–60%) in Africa to 83% (95% CI: 82–84%) in Oceania, and there was high variability between countries (15.4% Cameroon–100% Bhutan). Meta-regression analysis showed that studies that investigated COVID-19 vaccination intentions using multiple choice/scoring gave a vaccine acceptance prevalence lower than studies with only two possible answers (yes/no) (ß: −1.02 95% CI: −1.41 to −0.63). Despite some variation in the estimates, the results showed that one in three people may refuse/delay COVID-19 vaccination.

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Prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the elderly in Qatar: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Development of Next Generation Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern

Development of Next Generation Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern

COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Hesitancy in Malaysia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Mapping the Prevalence of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance at the Global and Regional Level: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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