Prevalence and correlates of psychotic experiences in a nationally representative sample of Australian adolescents

Hielscher, Emily; Connell, Melissa; Lawrence, David; Zubrick, Stephen R.; Hafekost, Jennifer; Scott, James G.

doi:10.1177/0004867418785036

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Melancholic features are extremely rare and invite a search for an organic cause such as prolactinoma. Hallucinations may be reported but are often a marker of traumatic experiences rather than psychosis (Hielscher et al, 2018; Nam et al, 2016). Finally, death by suicide is very uncommon in prepubertal children, but many depressed children harbour suicidal thoughts.…”

Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders

Malhi

Bell

Bassett³

et al. 2020

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

348

365

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Objectives: To provide advice and guidance regarding the management of mood disorders, derived from scientific evidence and supplemented by expert clinical consensus to formulate s that maximise clinical utility. Methods: Articles and information sourced from search engines including PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar were supplemented by literature known to the mood disorders committee (e.g. books, book chapters and government reports) and from published depression and bipolar disorder guidelines. Relevant information was appraised and discussed in detail by members of the mood disorders committee, with a view to formulating and developing consensus-based recommendations and clinical guidance. The guidelines were subjected to rigorous consultation and external review involving: expert and clinical advisors, key stakeholders, professional bodies and specialist groups with interest in mood disorders. Results: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists mood disorders clinical practice guidelines 2020 (MDcpg2020) provide up-to-date guidance regarding the management of mood disorders that is informed by evidence and clinical experience. The guideline is intended for clinical use by psychiatrists, psychologists, primary care physicians and others with an interest in mental health care. Conclusion: The MDcpg2020 builds on the previous 2015 guidelines and maintains its joint focus on both depressive and bipolar disorders. It provides up-to-date recommendations and guidance within an evidence-based framework, supplemented by expert clinical consensus. Mood disorders committee: Gin S Malhi (Chair), Erica Bell, Darryl Bassett, Philip Boyce, Richard Bryant, Philip Hazell, Malcolm Hopwood, Bill Lyndon, Roger Mulder, Richard Porter, Ajeet B Singh and Greg Murray.

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Section: Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders

Malhi

Bell

Bassett³

et al. 2020

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

348

365

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More importantly, studies have suggested that the psychotic pathway commences with what is referred to as psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) [ 13 ]. PLEs are subclinical symptoms of psychosis that do not meet the threshold for clinical diagnosis as psychotic illness [ 13 , 14 ]. PLEs are very common in the general population, appearing first in adolescence and sometimes in childhood [ 15 ] and can be categorized as positive (e.g., perceptual abnormalities, delusional thoughts) or negative (e.g., social withdrawal, avolition) [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosis risk among pregnant women in Ghana

2022

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Introduction Psychotic illness, although is rare, has been reported in the perinatal period. Individuals diagnosed with psychotic illness tend to first exhibit psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), defined as subclinical psychotic symptoms that occur outside the context of sleep or drug use. However, there is a paucity of empirical data on PLEs in pregnancy to advance scholarly discourse and support professional practice. The current study investigated the prevalence and correlates of PLEs among pregnant women in Ghana, a West African state. Design A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data from 702 pregnant women who responded to measures of PLEs, COVID-19 concerns and behavioral maladies such as anxiety and depressive symptoms. Descriptive and inferential statistics, namely chi square, exploratory factor analysis, MANOVA and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results The results showed that 54.2%, 27.3% and 18.5% of participants were at no/low, moderate and high risk for psychosis, respectively. A total of 44.4% participants were not distressed by PLEs, whereas 32.2% and 23.4% were a bit/quite and very distressed, respectively. Psychosis risk was elevated among pregnant women who were more concerned about the COVID-19 effects, scored high in suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms and sleep difficulties. Conclusion The study showed that psychosis risk is present in pregnancy. Implications Screening for psychosis risk in pregnancy should be prioritized for pregnant women with behavioral maladies, including suicidal tendencies, depressive symptoms, sleep difficulties and heightened concerns about COVID-19.

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“…Often referred to as psychotic-like experiences, hallucinations and delusions that occur in the absence of a psychotic disorder are not uncommon in the general population (Van Os et al 2009, Kelleher et al 2012a. Although many individuals who experience hallucinations or delusions do so in the absence of any mental disorder (Peters et al 2016), higher rates of both concurrent and later mental disorder have been found in young people who report these phenomena (Kelleher et al 2012b, DeVylder et al 2014, Kelleher et al 2015, Waters et al 2017, Healy et al 2018b, Hielscher et al 2018, Carey et al 2020. For this reason, young people with a history of hallucinations and delusions represent a unique and important group for ongoing research into the relationship between these phenomena and psychopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotic-like experiences? Trajectories and typologies of hallucinations and delusions from early adolescence to early adulthood in a population-based sample of Irish youth

Coughlan

Humphries

Clarke

et al. 2021

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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Objectives: Hallucinations and delusions that occur in the absence of a psychotic disorder are common in children and adolescents. Longitudinal phenomenological studies exploring these experiences are notably lacking. The objective of the current paper was to explore the phenomenology and characteristics of hallucinations and delusions from early adolescence to early adulthood. Methods: Participants were 17 young people aged 18–21 years from the general population, all of whom had a history of childhood hallucinations and/or delusions. Longitudinal data on the phenomenological characteristics and attributions of reported hallucinatory and delusional phenomena spanning nine years were explored using content analysis. Results: Hallucinatory and delusional phenomena were transient for two-thirds of the sample. The remaining one-third reported reoccurring hallucinatory and delusional phenomena into early adulthood. In those, two typologies were identified: (1) Paranormal typology and (2) Pathological typology. The former was characterised by hallucinatory and delusional phenomena that were exclusively grounded in subcultural paranormal or spiritual belief systems and not a source of distress. The latter was characterised by delusion-like beliefs that were enmeshed with individuals’ mood states and a source of distress. The perceived source, the subcultural context and how young people appraised and integrated their experiences differentiated the Paranormal and Pathological typologies. Conclusions: Not all hallucinatory and delusion-like experiences are psychotic-like in nature. To reliably differentiate between pathological and non-pathological hallucinations and delusions, assessments need to explore factors including the phenomenology of individuals’ experiences, how people make sense and appraise them, and the subcultural contexts within which they are experienced.

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Prevalence and correlates of psychotic experiences in a nationally representative sample of Australian adolescents

Cited by 25 publications

References 47 publications

The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders

The 2020 Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders

Psychosis risk among pregnant women in Ghana

Psychotic-like experiences? Trajectories and typologies of hallucinations and delusions from early adolescence to early adulthood in a population-based sample of Irish youth

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