Prevalence and detection of postnatal depression in an Irish community sample

Abstract

Objectives: To establish the prevalence of postnatal depression using standardised methods of diagnosis and to evaluate early detection of postnatal depression.Methods: Prospective cohort study. Prevalence established using two-step screening with EPDS and semi-structured clinical interview for ICD-10 diagnosis. EPDS recorded at day three-five postnatal evaluated as predictor of depression at week six postnatal.Results: Prevalence established at 14.4%. EPDS recorded at day three-five postnatal when combined with past history of depression was a predictor of depression occurring at week six postnatal.Conclusions: We found a similar prevalence of postnatal depression in this Irish sample to other international prevalence studies. There are implications for hospital based screening to identify those at risk of developing a postnatal depression.

Postnatal Depression in First-Time Mothers: Prevalence and Relationships Between Functional and Structural Social Support at 6 and 12 Weeks Postpartum

“…The prevalence rate of PND in this study at 6 weeks was 13.2%, which is comparable with previous research in Ireland, where prevalence rates of PND varied from 11.4% to 28.6% (Crotty & Sheehan, 2004;Cryan et al, 2001;Greene, Nugent, Weieczorek-Deering, O'Mahony, & Graham, 1991;Lane et al, 1997;Martin, 1977;O'Neill, Murphy, & Greene, 1990). The variance could be attributed to the high representation of mothers with a previous history of depression in one study (Cryan et al, 2001) and mothers with single status in another (Greene et al, 1991).…”

“…The variance could be attributed to the high representation of mothers with a previous history of depression in one study (Cryan et al, 2001) and mothers with single status in another (Greene et al, 1991). Nevertheless, the most recently published study compares well with similar rates at 14.4% at 6 weeks (Crotty & Sheehan, 2004). Previous international researches have reported similar rates at 6 weeks (Gao, Chan, & Mao, 2008) and varying rates from 11.2% at 8 weeks (Eisenach et al, 2008) to 10.4% at 9 weeks (O' Hara, Zekoski, Phillips, & Wright, 1990) to 23.3% at 14 weeks (Stuart, Couser, Schilder, O'Hara, & Gorman, 1998) and 29.9% between 6 and 24 weeks (Ege, Timur, Zincir, Geçkil, & SunarReeder, 2008).…”

Assessment of postpartum depression among mothers attending primary health care centers in Hawler city

“…Instead, unexpectedly, unwanted last pregnancy was significantly higher in non PPD group. These findings were congruent with findings of researchers elsewhere regarding the number of pregnancies 11 ; number of children 13 ; number of abortions 17 ; number of stillbirths 13,18 ; gender of the last baby 13,19 ; mode of the last labor 20 ; and history of marital and other psychosocial problems during last pregnancy 21 . However, In contrast to our results, a longitudinal study among Chinese mothers in Hong Kong found that 2 or more previous induced abortions are significant predictors of PPD 22 .…”

Prevalence of postpartum depression in a hospital setting among Malaysian mothers

“…The prevalence of postpartum depression (6.8%) found in this study is in keeping with the findings of other studies conducted in Singapore (Chee et al ., ), Hong Kong (Lee et al ., ), Morocco (Agoub et al ., ), Turkey (Aydin et al ., ), and Spain (Garcia‐Esteve et al , ). However, this rate was lower than the prevalence reported in other countries, such as the USA, which was 23.3% (Stuart et al ., ); India, 23% (Patel et al ., ); Ireland, 11.4–28.4% (Crotty and Sheehan, ); and Australia, 16.9% (Brown and Lumley, ). However, much higher prevalence rates of PPD were found in Taiwan, Guyana and Korea (Affonso et al ., ).…”

“…The difference in these rates can be attributed to the different criteria of measurement used, such as self‐report instruments like the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Beck et al ., ), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) Scale (Radloff, ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (Cox et al ., ); or assessment by clinical interview using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorder, DSM 1V criteria (APA, ). Our study and others (Garcia‐Esteve et al , ; Aydin et al ., ; Lee et al ., ; Agoub et al ., ) used DSM criteria to diagnose PPD, while studies in the USA (Stuart et al ., ), India (Patel et al ., ), Ireland (Crotty and Sheehan, ) and Australia (Brown and Lumley, ) used EPDS to screen PPD.…”