Prevalence and detection of Subclinical Mastitis by California Mastitis Test (CMT) in Dairy Farms of Theni District in Tamil Nadu, India

Senthilkumar, A.; Murugesan, Sathyabalan; Balamurugan, P.

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2020.907.116

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A significant difference was observed within the group (p<0.05) CMT test was performed in accordance with guidelines established by National Mastitis Council, highest SCM prevalence was recorded in Jalaun district (30.77%) followed by 25.97 and 21.05 per cent, respectively for Jhansi and Lalitpur. Our results are in agreement with studies done by different authors in various parts of the country (Senthilkumar et al, 2020;Karabasanavar et al 2019;Swami et al, 2017). Results produced with CMT may differ from SCC-based prevalence determination (Iraguha et al 2017).…”

Section: Somatic Cell Count (Scc) Estimationsupporting

confidence: 94%

Comparative efficacy and validation of different diagnostic methods in detection of subclinical mastitis in farms of Bundelkhand

Singh¹,

Kumar²

2022

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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A cross-sectional study was undertaken to validate the comparative efficacy of different diagnostic tests commonly used for the detection of subclinical mastitis. The study was designed to determine the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of common tests viz. California Mastitis Test (CMT), Indicator Paper Method (BTB), Somatic Cell Count (SCC), and Electrical Conductivity (EC) with bacterial culture as a standard, in parts of Bundelkhand region. Of the 411 samples, 295 were found to be positive for subclinical mastitis on screening with either of the 4 methods routinely used for the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis (SCM). The remaining 120 milk samples were negative for SCM with all methods used. Individual test-wise percentage prevalence was 26.28, 44.53, 30.41, and 41.85% respectively with CMT, EC, BTB, and SCC, respectively. On comparing the results with the culture test, the present study confirmed the superiority of SCC based method for the detection of subclinical mastitis. Correlating the EC results with SCC values avoids false results with maximum accuracy.

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Section: Somatic Cell Count (Scc) Estimationsupporting

confidence: 94%

Comparative efficacy and validation of different diagnostic methods in detection of subclinical mastitis in farms of Bundelkhand

Singh¹,

Kumar²

2022

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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“…In this study the seroprevalence of PPR infection among sex groups was 66.45% in females and 32.39% in males. This relative seroprevalence variation was statistically significant, which means being female animals are more likely to develop PPR virus infection as compared to male animals (P = 0.000) and this study finding is consistent with previous studies [27,31,44,45]. In the current study, the higher prevalence in females than in males may be due to physiological differences where females reveal some degree of predominance infection as a result of production and reproduction stress which makes females more prone to infection [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants among ovine and caprine in selected districts of Afar region, Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Background A Peste des petits ruminant is an acute, highly contagious and economically important transboundary viral disease of small ruminants. Despite the fact that food and agriculture organization and world organization for animal health plan to eradicate the disease by 2030, some studies indicated an increasing seropositivity of PPR infection in sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was employed to estimate the seroprevalence of PPR and to assess risk factors during the study period, February to April, 2020. Following purposive selection of the study districts, simple random sampling technique was employed to select individual animal during sample collection. A total of 384 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy sheep and goats. Competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to detect the presence of antibodies against PPR at national veterinary institute. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-square (X2) and logistic regression analysis were used is this study. Results The overall animal level seroprevalence of PPR virus was found to be 60.15% (n = 231/384) and species level prevalence rate was found to be 38.18% (n = 42) in sheep and 68.98% (n = 189) in goats in the study areas. Among the associated risk factors considered; species, sex, age and herd sizes were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the disease occurrence. Among the associated risk factors considered in this study, species, sex, age and herd size were found to be statistically associated with the seropositivity of PPR infection. Conclusion The present study finding revealed that a higher seroprevalence of PPR virus infection and this confirms peste des petits ruminant virus is circulating in Afar region. Further studies should be carried out on the entire region to determine PPR seroprevalence and to develop appropriate control and eradication strategies of PPR disease.

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“…In Pakistan, the prevalence of SCM in cows ranged from 17 to 81%. The most used diagnostic method for SCM was the Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT), which is a derivative of the CMT, a reasonable diagnostic method (Senthilkumar et al 2020). The large variation between studies could be due to the differences in the risk factors present in the farms or could be caused by selection bias.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Subclinical Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in south-Asian countries: a review of risk factors and etiology to prioritize control measures

et al. 2022

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Mastitis is a major production disease, causing significant economic losses for dairy farmers in South-Asian countries, as well as other parts of the world. Udder health control programs (UHCP) have been established in developed countries as an effective strategy for mastitis control but have not yet been introduced in South-Asian low-income countries like Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. To launch UHCP successfully in dairy herds in South-Asia, it is important to know the current prevalence and risk factors for subclinical mastitis (SCM). Therefore, a narrative literature review was conducted with the aim to describe the dairy sector, the prevalence of SCM and its causal agents, risk factors for mastitis occurrence and the control measures suggested by different studies conducted in the selected countries. The literature revealed that India had the highest cattle population. Milking was mainly done by hand in all of the studied countries. Stall feeding was done in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka and limited access to grazing was also reported in some farms in India and Pakistan. There was substantial variation in the prevalence of SCM between studies in all 4 countries, ranging from about 20% to about 80%, but the average prevalence across all studies was high (50%). The most common causal agents for SCM were non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia (E.) coli. The management related risk factors reported for SCM were stall feeding of cows, a higher stock density, cracked floors, open drains, the presence of flies, poor drainage, peri-parturient diseases, infrequent dung removal and earth floors. The control measures suggested in these studies were to improve the hygiene and sanitation of cows, to improve the cleanliness of farms and milker's hands, to apply dry cow therapy, supplementing micronutrients and routine screening for SCM combined with taking intervention measures like isolation of cows or milking infected cows last, and proper treatment. Also, full hand milking, complete milking, machine milking, and providing feed and water immediately after milking have been recommended. Finally, we show that current literature often studies the same set of (non-manageable) risk factors, so more research is needed to obtain a comprehensive picture of the determinants of SCM. Randomized controlled trials are needed to truly quantify the effect of intervention under field conditions. Altogether, our work gives an overview of the udder health situation in South-Asia and provides the basis for the design of UHCP in this region.

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Prevalence and detection of Subclinical Mastitis by California Mastitis Test (CMT) in Dairy Farms of Theni District in Tamil Nadu, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Comparative efficacy and validation of different diagnostic methods in detection of subclinical mastitis in farms of Bundelkhand

Comparative efficacy and validation of different diagnostic methods in detection of subclinical mastitis in farms of Bundelkhand

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of peste des petits ruminants among ovine and caprine in selected districts of Afar region, Ethiopia

Subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in south-Asian countries: a review of risk factors and etiology to prioritize control measures

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