Prevalence and determinants of Caesarean delivery in Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

especially in developing countries (5). As a reference, the World Health Organization, in its 1985 report, suggested an optimal range for C-section rates of 5-15% (6). Many studies have found that the likelihood of delivery through C-section depends on a number of institutional, demographic and socioeconomic factors. The availability of facilities, obstetricians and the place of birth, that is, private or public sector institutions, is associated with C-section rate (7,8). C-section is significantly associated with multiple conception, maternal age at birth, rise in institutional deliveries, number of previous deliveries, site of prenatal care (private or public), socioeconomic status of household and access to antenatal care (9-11). Some maternal characteristics such as education and access to antenatal care are also strongly associated with the likelihood of C-section (4,10,12). In view of the recent understanding about the factors associated with C-section, this study identified a set of socioeconomic, demographic, spatial and institutional indicators associated with C-section delivery. We used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)

Incidence and risk factors for maternal surgical site infection after cesarean section.

“…There is increasing number of cesarean delivery worldwide with a rate of cesarean section is 32.7% in urban areas versus 19.7% in rural areas of Punjab. 1 Other authors have reported lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) rates to be as high as 44%. 2,3 The rising trend of cesarean section may help to prevent maternal and neonatal deaths from obstetric complication but it may increase the risk of infectious morbidity.…”

Ethical Dilemma of Cesarean Section on Maternal Request (Csmr)

“…The cesarean section rate should not rise above 10-15% 1 . According to WHO, Cesarean section rates have risen from 2.7% in 1990-91 to 15.8% in 2012-13 with around 9700 mortalities due to maternal complications in 2015 in Pakistan 2,3 . A significant rise of up to 40% has been seen in rich, educated and urban living ladies wishing for a reduced family size, avoidance of pain and unpredictability of normal labor and damage to pelvic floor.…”

Oxytocin and emergency caesarean section in a medium-sized hospital in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

“…Efforts to increase births attended by skilled health professionals often lead to birth in a health facility/hospital 3 . Attendants in health facilities can intervene in case of complications 4 .…”

“…There are numerous studies investigating obstetric care in Pakistan 4,22,23 . The rate of caesarean section, indications for CS, different methods for induction, associated factors with ruptured uterus and severe perineal trauma are among central obstetric issues investigated 4,[22][23][24][25] . The majority of these studies were performed at university, public and teaching hospitals, or based on demographic health surveys 4,22,23 .…”

“…The rate of caesarean section, indications for CS, different methods for induction, associated factors with ruptured uterus and severe perineal trauma are among central obstetric issues investigated 4,[22][23][24][25] . The majority of these studies were performed at university, public and teaching hospitals, or based on demographic health surveys 4,22,23 . We did not find any studies from Pakistan on the prevalence of intravenous oxytocin during labor and the association with emergency caesarean section (CS).…”