Prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in old age in Germany

Hajek, André; Lehnert, Thomas; Ernst, Andrej; Lange, Carolin; Wiese, Birgitt; Prokein, Jana; Weyerer, Siegfried; Werle, Jochen; Pentzek, Michael; Fuchs, Ângela; Luck, Tobias; Bickel, Horst; Mösch, Edelgard; Heser, Kathrin; Wagner, Michael; Maier, Wolfgang; Scherer, Martin; Riedel‐Heller, Steffi G.; König, Hans‐Helmut

doi:10.1186/s12877-015-0081-5

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Generally, age is positively associated with weight in older adults [22]. A possible explanation for our findings might be that losing weight in older age is often associated with adverse health outcomes [23], such as functional or cognitive decline, which might be associated with specialist visits (e.g., neurologist). Furthermore, there was no robust effect of predisposing factors and enabling resources on any measure health care use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Which factors affect health care use among older Germans? Results of the German ageing survey

Hajek

Bock

König

2017

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundIt remains an open question how changes in predisposing, enabling, and need factors affect health care use. Consequently, we aimed to investigate how changes in these variables affect health care use in community-dwelling older persons longitudinally.MethodsData from two waves of the German Ageing Survey (DEAS), a representative sample of the community-dwelling German population aged ≥40 years, was used. Predictors of visits to general practitioners and specialists as well as hospital stays during a 12-month period were analyzed by fixed effects regressions.ResultsRegressions revealed that the need factors ‘self-rated health’ and the number of chronic diseases affected all measures of health care use (except for the number of chronic diseases on hospital care). An increased duration of physical activities increased GP visits. A decrease of excess weight decreased the number of specialist visits.ConclusionsOur findings underline the importance of need factors for health care use. Virtually none of the predisposing factors nor enabling resources affected health care use. These findings might indicate that individuals in the second half of life use health care services adequately, i.e. when medically indicated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Which factors affect health care use among older Germans? Results of the German ageing survey

Hajek

Bock

König

2017

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…19 It is known that the peaks of adipose tissue occur between 60 and 70 years of age, and that this body fat is distributed differently, when compared with the young population. 20 Changes in eating habits and a reduction in the levels of physical activity are the main reasons for this nutritional transiton. 21 Concerning muscle mass, the mean SMI recorded indicated a high quantity of muscle mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Análise de métodos para detectar sarcopenia em idosas independentes da comunidade

Paula

Wamser

Gomes

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Introduction: Aging imposes changes in the body composition of individuals. One of the most striking changes during this period is the progressive loss of mass, strength and muscle function, known as sarcopenia. Objectives: To evaluate the presence of sarcopenia in healthy elderly women living in the community through a combination of different methods to assess muscle mass (MM) and physical performance, as well as analyzing whether there is correlation between the different methods of defining sarcopenia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed of 37 older adults of the Universidade Aberta da Maturidade (Open University for Mature Persons). The parameters used to assess MM were calf circumference (CC) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) through bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and the skeletal muscle index (SMI) Handgrip strength (HS) using a manual dynamometer, gait speed (GS) over 10m and the timed up and go (TUG) test for functional mobility were used to measure physical performance. To compare the sarcopenia diagnostic methods four different combinations were employed: C1= SMI+HS+GS; C2= SMI+HS+TUG; C3= CC+HS+GS and C4= CC+HS+TUG, according to European consensus proposals. To verify the differences between the methods the Kruskal-Wallis test and Multiple Comparisons for Unpaired Data were applied, and the weighted Kappa coefficient was used to assess the degree of agreement. Results: The C1 and C2 combinations identified pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia. A close correlation between C1 and C2 was found (0.92), while C3 and C4 did not identify the presence of sarcopenia in the elderly women. Conclusion: CC used to evaluate MM was not precise in the detection of sarcopenia in overweight elderly women. However, there was a strong agreement between the two combinations using SMI and GS or TUG, suggesting that both can be effectively applied in clinical practice.

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“…Studies included individuals over 90 (n = 22) [18-25, 28, 30, 34, 35, 37, 38, 43-47, 49-51], individuals under and over 90 (only data from individuals over 90 were included) (n = 8) [29,31,32,39,40,42,48,52], and centenarians (n = 5) [26,30,33,36,41].…”

Section: Study Characteristics (See Additional File 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The participation rate ranged between 47% [24] and 89% [18]; it was over 70% in more than 40% of studies. There were 27 longitudinal studies [18, 20-23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 34-49, 51, 52] and eight cross-sectional studies [19,24,26,27,30,32,33,50] (three using databases from electronic medical files or administrative databases [29,32,50]). Participants were living in a private home or nursing home (n = 27) [18-21, 23-29, 31, 33, 36-42, 44-49, 51], only living in private homes (n = 3) [34,43,50], and not specified (n = 5) [22,30,32,35,52].…”

Section: Study Characteristics (See Additional File 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirteen studies provided data on nutritional status (See Additional file 2) [20, 27-30, 32, 34, 37, 38, 41, 42, 44, 48], most commonly using Body Mass Index (BMI) (n = 9) [20,27,29,30,32,37,38,41,42,44], followed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (n = 2) [28,34], the Mini Nutritional Assessment (n = 1) [48], the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (n = 1) [20], unintentional weight loss (n = 1) [32] and a serum albumin test (n = 1) [34].…”

Section: Nutritional Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: The oldest old (individuals over 90 years) are a fast-growing population. Characterizing their specificity would be helpful to adapt health care. This study aimed to characterize the cognitive, functional, nutritional, and physical status of individuals over 90. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of cross-sectional or cohort studies of individuals aged 90 years old or more, living at home or in a nursing home, in April 2018. Two reviewers selected eligible articles, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias (assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). Results: The search strategy identified 3086 references; 35 articles were included referring to 8 cross-sectional and 27 longitudinal studies. Dementia was diagnosed in 30-42.9% of study participants, cognitive impairment in 12-50%, and 31-65% had no cognitive impairment. In terms of activities of daily living, 14-72.6% of individuals had no difficulty, 35.6-38% had difficulty, and 14.4-55.5% were dependent. For instrumental activities of daily living, 20-67.9% needed help. Regarding nutritional status, the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form mean score ranged from 10.3 (SD: 1.8) to 11.1 (SD: 2.4). Eight to 32% of individuals could not stand up from a chair, 19-47% could stand without the use of their arms; and 12.9-15% were not able to walk 4 m. Conclusions: These results suggest a heterogeneous population with a certain proportion of oldest old with a low level of disability. These findings suggest that a specific approach in the care of the oldest old could help prevent disability.

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Prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity in old age in Germany

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Which factors affect health care use among older Germans? Results of the German ageing survey

Which factors affect health care use among older Germans? Results of the German ageing survey

Análise de métodos para detectar sarcopenia em idosas independentes da comunidade

Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

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