Prevalence and determinants of selected cardio-metabolic risk factors among people living with HIV/AIDS and receiving care in the South West Regional Hospitals of Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

ObjectiveMetabolic disorders and cardiovascular risk factors are not routinely assessed in the care of HIV patients in developing countries, known to have the highest disease burden. We described the prevalence and factors associated with major cardio-metabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes and hypertension) in HIV/AIDS patients.ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity were 11.3% (95% CI 8.10–15.43), 24.8% (95% CI 20.1–30.0) and 14.5% (95% CI 11.1–19.3) respectively. Central obesity and high alcohol intake were the factors significantly associated with diabetes mellitus, while central obesity and overweight/obesity were significantly associated with having hypertension. Short duration of antiretroviral therapy was the significant predisposing factor for obesity. On multivariate analyses, the only association observed was between central obesity and diabetes (Adjusted OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.01–6.30, P = 0.048). Conclusively, DM, HTN and obesity are highly prevalent in HIV/AIDS patients in the SWR hospitals of Cameroon, with that of DM and obesity being higher than that seen in the general population while that of HTN equaling that of the general population. Awareness of these data among clinicians involved in the management of these patients should be emphasized.

Evaluation of glycemic control status and its associated factors among diabetes patients on follow-up at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study, 2020

“…However, the finding in the present study was lower than those studies reported by other studies in Ethiopia [ 32 , 33 ]. The discrepancy between the present study and other studies can be justified that it could be due to differences in the method of glucose measurements, genetic, clinical, economical, anthropometric, and socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants [ 34 ].…”

Magnitude of Hypertension and Associated Factors Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Adults Receiving Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest, Ethiopia

“… 44 However, our finding was lower than studies conducted in Malaysians (45.60%) 45 and in South Africa (73.8%). 46 Conversely, this study finding is much higher than studies conducted in Ethiopia 12.7% (95% CI: 9.8–16.2), 28 northeast Ethiopia 29.7% (95% CI, 25.3–35.0%), 29 Cameroon 24.8% (95% CI: 20.1–30.0), 47 Malawi 23.7% (95% CI: 21.1–26.6), 39 and United States 22% (95% CI: 21–24). 48 The above disparity between studies could be elucidated by the study settings, cut-off point of blood pressure, ART duration and regimens, and life style related factors of the study participants.…”

Diabetes mellitus and its associated risk factors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus on anti-retroviral therapy at referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia

“…The observed difference could be pertaining to variations in the lifestyle and HAART regimens or because of differences in the age distribution of the study participants. The discrepancy could also be justified that it could be due to differences in the clinical, economical, anthropometric and socio-demographic characteristics of the study populations [47]. Although the care of cardiometabolic risks related to HIV may be difficult in Ethiopia because of limited healthcare resources, it can be noted that metabolic clinic should be part of HIV services more importantly as the older HIV population is increasing.…”