Prevalence and determinants of xerophthalmia in rural children of Uttarpradesh, India

Agrawal, VK; Agrawal, Pradeep; Dharmendra,

doi:10.3126/nepjoph.v5i2.8733

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The working definition, study period, and the tool were almost similar that gives a consistent result [48]. But, the magnitude of xerophthalmia in this study is higher than reports in Asgede Tsimbla rural district of Northern Ethiopia [38], Jimma town, Ethiopia [36], Southern Ethiopia [33], northern Sudan [17], traditional Quran bordering school of Sudan [49], Nigeria [28], Malawi [29], Cameron [30], Southeast Asia [50], Nepal [22], Philippines [23], northern Bangladesh [24], west java, Indonesia [25], Thailand [26], Cambodia [27], Yemen [51] and Ahmadabad, India [20]. This discrepancy might be due to the sociocultural variation among the study populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Belete

Fenta

Hussen

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Introduction Xerophthalmia is a general term applied to all the ocular manifestations from night blindness through complete corneal destruction (keratomalacia) due to vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia is the main contributing factors for childhood blindness in developing countries. However, there is limited evidence that can implicate the current situation. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of xerophthalmia and associated factors among school-age children in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 490 children, age range of 6 to 12 years. The study participants were selected through systematic random sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and ophthalmic examination with different ophthalmic instruments. The analyzed result was summarized and presented using descriptive statistics. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with xerophthalmia. Variables with a p value of <0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 484 study participants with a response rate of 98.8 were involved in this study, and their median age was 8 years with IQR of 4 years. The prevalence of xerophthalmia was 8.26% (95% CI: 5.8, 10.7). Family income less than 1000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.31, 16.4), presence of febrile illness (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.49, 6.11), poor consumption of fruits and vegetables (AOR = 3.18, 95% CI: 1.30, 7.80), and nonimmunized status (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.49, 7.89) were significantly associated with xerophthalmia. Conclusions and recommendations The prevalence of xerophthalmia was high as compared to the World Health Organization criteria for public health significance. Factors identified for xerophthalmia in this study are low income, the poor dietary practice of fruits and vegetables, and the presence of febrile illness and not immunized. Hence, it is a public problem that needs attention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researches done across different Asian countries showed that the prevalence of xerophthalmia ranges from 0.48% to 22.3% in different target populations [20–27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Belete

Fenta

Hussen

2019

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and associated factors was studied among South Asian adolescents. Association between the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and sex was not significant in two publications (76,87) ; however, another publication found that xerophthalmia as defined by Bitot spots and/or night blindness was significantly associated with adolescent boys (88) . While iron deficiency (74) and vitamin D deficiency (82,83) were significantly higher among females, vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly more common among males (89) .…”

Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 90%

Adolescent undernutrition in South Asia: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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Undernutrition is a growing public health challenge affecting growth and development during adolescence in many low- and middle-income countries. This scoping review maps the evidence on adolescent undernutrition (stunting, thinness and micronutrient deficiencies) in South Asia and highlights gaps in knowledge. Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual, the search included electronic bibliographic databases (Medline (OVID), Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Scopus) as well as various grey literature sources published up to March 2019. In total, 131 publications met the inclusion criteria of this review. All the included evidence used quantitative data and 115 publications used a cross-sectional design. Nearly 70% (n=86) of the included publications were conducted in India. Prevalence of undernutrition was reported based on different growth references and cut-offs. Evidence is divided into publications that included an intervention component (n=12) and publications that did not include an intervention component (n=116), and presented in a narrative synthesis. This scoping review provides a wide range of publications on adolescent undernutrition in South Asia and identifies future research priorities in the field.

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“…They require a high supply of nutrients since they are usually very active and their growth rate is rapid. Moreover, during this period, nutritional diseases in the form of kwashiorkor, marasmus, anaemia, and xerophthalmia are not uncommon [32][33][34]. Preschool children call for focused attention in India as because the country has the world's highest percentage of undernourished children [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Body Mass Index Is Strongly Associated with ChildrenZ-Scores for Height and BMI

Tigga

Sen

2016

Journal of Anthropology

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Introduction. Undernutrition continues to be a major public health problem throughout the developing world, particularly in subSaharan Africa and Asia including India. Limited studies suggest associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and child nutritional status. The present study aims to determine the relationship between maternal BMI and children nutritional status. Methods. The study was conducted among 246 mothers who had given birth to single children ( = 246) and belonged to the Proto-Australoid population of North Bengal, India. The anthropometric measurements of height and weight were recorded following standard procedures. Overall body composition was evaluated using BMI. Result. The results showed that overall mean BMI among mothers was 20.63 ± 2.53 kg/m 2 , while those among boys and girls were 15.19 ± 1.62 kg/m 2 and 14.86 ± 1.37 kg/m 2 ( < 0.001), respectively. The BMI of mothers were significantly and highly correlated with HAZ (0.709) and BMIZ (0.748) ( < 0.001) of children. These are indicative of a strong genetic component between maternal and child anthropometry. Conclusion.The results indicate significant associations between mothers' and children's nutritional status. Assessments of body composition and nutritional status using BMI, especially among mothers and their children, are recommended.

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Prevalence and determinants of xerophthalmia in rural children of Uttarpradesh, India

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Xerophthalmia and Its Associated Factors among School-Age Children in Amba Giorgis Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018

Adolescent undernutrition in South Asia: a scoping review

Maternal Body Mass Index Is Strongly Associated with ChildrenZ-Scores for Height and BMI

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