Prevalence and distribution of Dirofilaria repens Railliet et Henry, 1911 in dogs in Poland

Demiaszkiewicz, A.W.; Polańczyk, Grażyna; Osińska, B.; Pyziel, Anna M.; Kuligowska, Izabela; Lachowicz, J.; Sikorski, Adam

doi:10.2478/pjvs-2014-0075

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Mazovia was first recognized as a new endemic region for canine dirofilariosis in Poland [14, 25] and recent studies, including the present one, confirm the stable continuous transmission of parasites in this region [8, 9]. The prevalence of D. repens recorded in this study in dogs (38 %) is within the range of previously reported rates in this area (20–60 %) and is typical for endemic regions in much warmer climates [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Such a high prevalence in dogs indicates a high risk of emergence of human dirofilariosis in the region, as seroprevalence of D. repens in humans may reach the same values as prevalence in dogs in some locations [1, 2]. Interestingly, all the dogs included in this study were ‘healthy’, as were the dogs in previous studies [9, 19], so no directed treatment to control microfilaraemia in these dogs had been implemented, creating a continuous source of infection for the vectors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in cats, healthy dogs and dogs with concurrent babesiosis in an expansion zone in central Europe

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDirofilaria repens is a mosquito-transmitted, filarial nematode parasitizing dogs, cats and other carnivores. Recently, this parasite has spread in central Europe, including Poland. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of D. repens in cats and dogs in different regions of the country and to investigate the occurrence and consequences of co-infection with another fast-spreading vector-borne parasite, Babesia canis.ResultsIn the period 2013–2015, 147 blood samples from cats from central Poland and 257 blood samples from dogs from central, northern, southern and western Poland were collected. Prevalence of D. repens was determined by amplification and sequencing of the 12S rDNA gene fragment. Among dogs, 94 samples originated from clinically healthy dogs from central Poland (Masovia) and 58 samples originated from dogs that were infected with B. canis. Prevalence of D. repens was compared between these two groups of dogs.For the first time D. repens was identified in a cat from central Europe (0.7 % [95 % CL: 0–4.1 %]). The DNA of the filarial endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia was detected in two cats (1.4 % [95 % CL: 0–5.5 %]). In dogs, the parasite was detected only in samples from central Poland (Masovia) (local prevalence = 38 % [95 % CL: 25.9–51.8 %]). Prevalence of D. repens was significantly higher in dogs with babesiosis (90 % [95 % CL: 81.6–94.5 %]). Co-infections of D. repens and B. canis were confirmed by sequencing in 30 dogs with babesiosis, but no co-infections were identified in healthy dogs from Masovia. Statistical analyses of blood parameters revealed that dogs with co-infections suffered more severe anemia and thrombocytopenia, but presented milder changes in biochemical parameters (i.e. less elevated concentration of alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and serum urea) suggesting lower risk of hepatic or renal failure in comparison to dogs infected only with B. canis.ConclusionsThese findings are important due to the spread of dirofilariosis and babesiosis in central Europe, as microfilaraemic dogs seem to be more prone to babesiosis. The possible protective effect of the nematode infection against hepatic or renal failure in canine babesiosis and its mechanisms require further investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in cats, healthy dogs and dogs with concurrent babesiosis in an expansion zone in central Europe

et al. 2016

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“…Since 2005, cases of this parasitosis have been observed in dogs as well as in humans in Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Russia and Poland (3,4,5,17,21,23,24,29). Dogs, cats, wild carnivores, and accidentally also humans are definitive hosts of Dirofilaria repens (1,17,19,21,29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then larvae moult twice and between six to nine months they reach sexual maturity. Mature nematodes live from two to five years in a host (4,5,28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in dogs in central-eastern Poland and histopathological changes caused by this infection

Osińska

Demiaszkiewicz

Pyziel

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of canine dirofilariosis in four provinces of central-eastern Poland and to describe pathological changes occurring during the course of this parasitosis. A total of 188 dogs aged from one and a half up to 16 years were examined for dirofilariosis. Blood samples were analysed for the presence of microfilariae using Knott method, as well as the method of Kingston and Morton. Pathomorphological examination of two dogs was also performed. Histological sections were stained with H&E, AB-PAS, van Gieson, and von Kossa methods. Microfilariae of Dirofilaria repens were found in blood samples of dogs that originated from the Mazowieckie, Lubelskie, and Podlaskie provinces. The mean prevalence of that species was 12.7%. Autopsy revealed the adult nematodes in the subcutaneous connective tissue. Microscopic examinations indicated the presence of microfilariae in the liver, kidneys, lungs, heart muscle, and intestines. Necrotic foci, thrombosis, and infiltrations of different intensity with eosinophils in internal organs were also observed. Significant lesions in different internal organs together with the presence of numerous microfilariae suggest their important role in the disease process.

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“…In Europe, the endemic areas of D repens infestations have been spreading from the Mediterranean countries toward the northern and eastern countries, including Poland . In Poland, the autochthonous dirofilariasis of dogs caused by D repens appears in all of the provinces, with a mean prevalence of 11.7% . The life cycle of D repens is complex, consisting of 4 larval stages, a juvenile adult stage, and an adult stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dirofilaria repens—An etiological factor or an incidental finding in cytologic and histopathologic biopsies from dogs

Paździor-Czapula

Otrocka-Domagała

Myrdek

et al. 2018

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Dirofilaria repens is an endemic, zoonotic parasite of carnivores, causing subcutaneous dirofilariasis, which is mostly asymptomatic. The aim of this study was to describe 22 cases of canine subcutaneous dirofilariasis. The cytologic and histopathologic samples were collected from dogs, which presented with various clinical signs such as cutaneous/subcutaneous nodules, hydropericardium, ascites, and lymphadenomegaly. The cytologic or histopathologic examination revealed purulent, pyogranulomatous, granulomatous or eosinophilic dermatitis/panniculitis, and the presence of D repens microfilariae or adults. The microfilariae or adults were also found incidentally in neoplastic cutaneous or subcutaneous tumors and in a sialocele. For the first time, microfilariae were also detected and described in pericardial and abdominal effusions and in enlarged reactive lymph nodes. Although it is well known that D repens can cause dermatitis and panniculitis in dogs, no previous reports of D repens microfilariae in body cavity fluids were found. The role of this parasite in the accumulation of body cavity fluid or in reactive lymphadenomegaly requires further investigation. Due to its zoonotic potential, and apparently underestimated pathogenicity, each case of canine subcutaneous dirofilariasis should be treated.

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Prevalence and distribution of Dirofilaria repens Railliet et Henry, 1911 in dogs in Poland

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in cats, healthy dogs and dogs with concurrent babesiosis in an expansion zone in central Europe

The prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in cats, healthy dogs and dogs with concurrent babesiosis in an expansion zone in central Europe

Prevalence of Dirofilaria repens in dogs in central-eastern Poland and histopathological changes caused by this infection

Dirofilaria repens—An etiological factor or an incidental finding in cytologic and histopathologic biopsies from dogs

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