Prevalence and Distribution of HPV Genotypes in Immunosuppressed Patients in Lorraine Region

Boudes, Margot; Venard, Véronique; Routiot, T.; Buzzi, Marie; Maillot, Floriane

doi:10.3390/v13122454

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The overall HPV infection rate in the immunosuppressed cohort reaches 75.6%. Moreover, a substantial proportion of these individuals, precisely 41.1%, experienced multiple HPV infections [ 84 ]. Data indicate that not only do HPV infections occur more frequently in these patients, but the course of the infection may also contribute to accelerated oncogenesis [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Therapeutic Horizon: HPV Vaccines and Their Impact on Cutaneous Diseases—A Comprehensive Review

Șandru,

Radu,

Petca

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) encompasses a diverse array of viruses, comprising approximately 200 serotypes that affect humans. While the majority of HPV strains are associated with benign skin or mucous membrane growths, a subset is implicated in severe health conditions, such as cervical, anal, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. Despite the established effectiveness of HPV vaccines in preventing cervical and anal carcinomas in particular, their therapeutic potential in addressing cutaneous diseases linked to diverse HPV strains remains an intriguing area of investigation. This narrative review critically examines the existing literature to assess the viability of HPV immunization as a therapeutic intervention for prevalent cutaneous conditions. These include genital and extragenital cutaneous warts, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and keratinocyte carcinomas. The findings suggest a promising dual role for HPV vaccines in preventing and treating dermatologic conditions while emphasizing future research directions, including the immunization perspective against β-HPVs. Moreover, the presence of conflicting study outcomes underscores the imperative for larger-scale, randomized trials with well-matched control groups to validate the efficacy of HPV immunization in the dermatologic context. This review contributes valuable insights into the evolving landscape of HPV-vaccine applications in the field of dermatology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Therapeutic Horizon: HPV Vaccines and Their Impact on Cutaneous Diseases—A Comprehensive Review

Șandru,

Radu,

Petca

et al. 2024

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among HIV-positive women, factors such as age, duration of antiretroviral therapy and CD4+ cell count could be associated with a decrease of HPV specificity 29. HIV status and CD4+ cell count have also been shown to change the relative proportion of HPV genotypes compared with the general population 30. Further research is needed in different geographic regions and populations to find combinations of genotypes that optimally provide information to stratify risk of CIN2+ disease, and to understand the causes that can affect diagnostic accuracy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of extended HPV genotyping for the triage of self-sampled HPV-positive women in a screen-and-treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention in Cameroon: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo explore the utility of extended Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or more (CIN2+) in a ‘screen-and-treat’ strategy for HPV-positive women in low-resource settings.DesignProspective study of diagnostic accuracy.SettingThe study took place in West Cameroon between September 2018 and March 2020.Participants2014 women were recruited. Asymptomatic, non-pregnant women aged 30–49 years without history of CIN treatment, anogenital cancer or hysterectomy were eligible.InterventionsParticipants performed self-sampling for HPV testing with GeneXpert followed by visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol’s iodine (VIA) triage before treatment if required.Main outcome measuresLiquid-based cytology, biopsies and endocervical brushing were performed in HPV-positive women as quality control. We assessed the detection rate of CIN2+ by HPV genotyping (two pools of genotypes obtained from the Xpert system, pool_1 (HPV 16, 18, 45) and pool_2 (HPV 16, 18, 45, 31, 33, 35, 52, 58)), VIA and cytology.Results382 (18.2%) women were HPV-positive among which 11.5% (n=44) were CIN2+. Of those 44 participants, 41 were triaged positive by extended genotyping, versus 35 by VIA and 33 by cytology. Overall, triage positivity was of 68.4% for extended genotyping, 59.3% for VIA and 14.8% for cytology, with false positive rates of 83.4%, 84.1% and 37.7%, respectively. Extended genotyping had a higher sensitivity for CIN2+ detection (93.2%, CI: 81.3 to 98.6) than VIA (79.5%, CI: 64.7 to 90.2, p=0.034) and cytology (75.0%, CI: 59.7 to 86.8, p=0.005). No significant difference was observed in the overtreatment rate in triaged women by extended genotyping or VIA (9.9%, CI: 8.6 to 11.3, and 8.8%, CI: 7.7 to 10.1), with a ratio of 6.0 and 6.3 women treated per CIN2+ diagnosed.ConclusionTriage of HPV-positive women with extended HPV genotyping improves CIN2+ detection compared with VIA with a minor loss of specificity and could be used to optimize the management of HPV-positive women.Trial registration numberNCT03757299.

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“…Lower CD4 cell counts have a direct relationship with HPV infection, pre-cancerous lesions, and risk of anogenital cancers 132 . HIV-positive patients also present a higher prevalence -44.8% to 91.2% -and persistence of HRHPV 134,135 . Even with emergence of ART incidence of HPV-related cancers remained elevated in PLWH 132 .…”

Section: Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vaccination in HIV-patients has been shown to be safe and provide immunogenic benefits 126,134 . Immunosuppression causes a reactivation of latent HPV infection with a decrease in viral clearance and consequently persistence of HPV 135 . The incidence of HPV infections is higher among immunosuppressed patients such as OTR and autoimmune diseases 134,135 .…”

Section: Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunosuppression causes a reactivation of latent HPV infection with a decrease in viral clearance and consequently persistence of HPV 135 . The incidence of HPV infections is higher among immunosuppressed patients such as OTR and autoimmune diseases 134,135 . Immunosuppression is also an independent risk factor for the development of HPV-related neoplasms because it decreases the capacity to eradicate HPV and enables HPV replication in infected cells 136 .…”

Section: Hpvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunistic Infections in the Immunocompromised: Hiv Vs Non-HIV Patients - A Narrative Review

Figueiredo

Martins

Midões

et al. 2022

MRAJ

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Opportunistic infections affect patients with immunocompromised status and are caused by common microorganisms with more severe presentations, or atypical organisms that do not cause disease in the immunocompetent. The type of infection varies with the type of immune dysfunction. Patients with cell-mediated immune dysfunction tend to be infected with a range of viral infections, intracellular bacteria, and fungi. This contrasts to patients with defects in humoral immunity, where infections with encapsulated bacteria, and enteric organisms such Giardia lamblia and enteroviruses predominate. Patients with phagocytic defects are especially prone to infections with Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, whilst those with complement disorders are prone to recurrent infections with encapsulated bacteria. In contrast to patients with primary immunodeficiencies, which usually present with only one defect of the above, acquired immunodeficiencies present with a variety of those, and clinical presentations are diversified. The epidemic of HIV and AIDS shed some light into infections that were before extremely rare, by making them frequent, but with the advent of anti-retroviral therapy their clinical presentation has shifted. Also, the emergence of novel immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases, allied with an increase in organ transplant has increased the pool of immunosuppressed patients without HIV, which present differently regarding opportunist infections. Rapid and specific microbiologic diagnosis is essential. Newer microbiologic assays have improved the diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections. Our aim was to revise and summarize the most frequent opportunist infections, and how their presentation and course compares in different immunosuppressed diseases (HIV and non-HIV).

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Prevalence and Distribution of HPV Genotypes in Immunosuppressed Patients in Lorraine Region

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Unveiling the Therapeutic Horizon: HPV Vaccines and Their Impact on Cutaneous Diseases—A Comprehensive Review

Unveiling the Therapeutic Horizon: HPV Vaccines and Their Impact on Cutaneous Diseases—A Comprehensive Review

Utility of extended HPV genotyping for the triage of self-sampled HPV-positive women in a screen-and-treat strategy for cervical cancer prevention in Cameroon: a prospective study of diagnostic accuracy

Opportunistic Infections in the Immunocompromised: Hiv Vs Non-HIV Patients - A Narrative Review

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