Prevalence and Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Nobles, James; Wold, Christian; Fazekas-May, Mary; Gilbert, Jill; Friedlander, Paul L.

doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000149444.30017.e8

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A study conducted at a veterans administration medical centre in New Orleans reported that 21.2% of 99 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were co-infected with HCV, which was significantly higher than previously published data (9.9%) (P = 0.004) [114] . Contrarily, in another study from Japan assessing the prevalence of HCV in 4402 patients requiring oral surgery, HCV antibody was more prevalent in patients with oral cavity cancer than in those with impacted teeth (OR = 2.433; P = 0.05), but this difference was reversed after age adjustment (OR = 0.443; P = 0.05) [115] .…”

Section: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 57%

Oral manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Carrozzo

Scally

2014

WJG

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Extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can affect a variety of organ systems with significant morbidity and mortality. Some of the most frequently reported EHM of HCV infection, involve the oral region predominantly or exclusively. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition that is potentially malignant and represents cell-mediated reaction to a variety of extrinsic antigens, altered self-antigens, or super antigens. Robust epidemiological evidence support the link between OLP and HCV. As the virus may replicate in the oral mucosa and attract HCV-specific T lymphocytes, HCV may be implicated in OLP pathogenesis. Sjögren syndrome (SjS) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy, characterized by dryness of the mouth and eyes and a multitude of other systemic signs and symptoms. SjS patients have also an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with chronic hepatitis C do frequently have histological signs of Sjögren-like sialadenitis with mild or even absent clinical symptoms. However, it is still unclear if HCV may cause a disease mimicking SjS or it is directly responsible for the development of SjS in a specific subset of patients. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common oral malignant tumour and at least in some part of the world could be linked to HCV.

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Section: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 57%

Oral manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Carrozzo

Scally

2014

WJG

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“…The association between HCV infection and oral cavity cancer is still controversial [11], [12], [13]. HCV is a virus with triple tissue tropism – hepatotropism, lymphotropism, and sialotropism [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that the transformation rate of oral lichen planus to OSCC is approximately 0.04% to 1.74% [31], [32]. Interestingly, Nobles et al demonstrated no predilection for the development of oral cavity cancers in patients infected with HCV [12]. Therefore, the role that HCV and its viral proteins play in the pathogenesis of oral diseases remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1995, Nagao et al demonstrated an increased prevalence of HCV antibody and RNA in OSCC patients [11]. A study conducted at a veterans administration medical center in New Orleans reported that 21.2% of 99 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) were coinfected with HCV, which was significantly higher than previously published data (9.9%) ( P <0.004) [12]. In another study from Japan that evaluated the prevalence of HCV in 4,402 inpatients requiring oral surgery, Takata et al found that HCV antibody was more prevalent in patients with oral cavity cancer than in those with impacted teeth before adjustment for age (odds ratio (OR) = 2.433; P <0.05); however, this difference was reversed after age adjustment (OR = 0.443; P <0.05) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Previous studies have provided evidence that HCV infection is associated with the development of oral cavity cancer [11], [12], [13]. In 1995, Nagao et al demonstrated an increased prevalence of HCV antibody and RNA in OSCC patients [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive Association Between Hepatitis C Infection and Oral Cavity Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan

Chang

Chen

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesThe association between viral hepatitis (B and C) and oral cavity cancer has been widely debated. This nationwide, population-based cohort study assessed the subsequent risk of oral cavity cancer among patients with chronic viral hepatitis infection.Materials and MethodsData were retrieved from insurance claims data of 1,000,000 randomly sampled individuals covered under the Taiwan National Health Insurance system. We identified a total of 21,199 adults with chronic viral hepatitis infection (12,369 with HBV alone, 5,311 with HCV alone, and 3,519 with HBV/HCV dual infections) from 2000–2005. Comparison group comprised 84,796 sex- and age-matched subjects without viral hepatitis during the same study period. Incidence and risk of subsequent oral cavity cancer were measured until 2008.ResultsThe incidence of oral cavity cancers was 2.28-fold higher among patients with HCV alone than non-viral hepatitis group (6.15 versus 2.69 per 10,000 person-years). After adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, HCV alone was significantly associated with an increased risk for oral cavity cancer (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20–3.02). This positive association was highest among individuals in the 40–49-year age group (HR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.21–5.46). However, there were no significant associations between HBV alone or HBV/HCV dual infections and risk for oral cavity cancer.ConclusionOur data suggest that HCV but not HBV infection is a risk factor for oral cavity cancer. In addition, subjects with HCV infection tend to be at early onset risk for oral cavity cancer. This finding needs to be replicated in further studies.

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