Prevalence and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome among Brazilian Adult Population: National Health Survey - 2013

Abstract

BackgroundIn Brazil, population-based researches analyzing prevalence and factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), a recognized predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and an important cause of disability and death in the country are scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate prevalence of MS and its associated factors in Brazilian population.MethodsSecondary analysis of the 2013 National Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey with national representativeness of Brazilian adult population (n = 59,402). MS was the outcome variable, defined from harmonization of cardiology international consensus as load ≥ 3 of the following components: self-reported diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure and high waist circumference. Analysis were stratified by sex and prevalence ratios, with their respective 99% confidence intervals (PR [CI 99%]) calculated by simple and multiple Poisson regression models.ResultsMS prevalence was 8.9%, being significantly higher among women compared to men; in general, this pattern was maintained in relation to exposure variables studied. Additionally, less than 25% of population did not present any MS component. In final multiple models, sociodemographic, behavioral and comorbidity variables were associated with MS, however, while low schooling (1.46 [1.23-1.74], cerebrovascular accident (1.36 [1], 00] (1.28 [1.03-1.62]) were associated among women, chronic renal failure (1.85 [2.23-2.76]) was associated exclusively among men.ConclusionWe identified MS high prevalence in Brazilian population; on the other hand, factors associated with this condition were different depending on sex.

<p>Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Components in High-Risk Cardiovascular Disease Development in Older Adults</p>

“…28 This inflammatory process begins with the lipoproteins agglomeration in the vessel walls and is related to adipokines' function as proinflammatory mediators. 24,29 Our results reveal an association between decreased HDL levels and high cardiovascular risk. This result confirms previous studies that connected low HDL levels to alterations that represent cardiovascular complications, presenting HDL levels as an independent predictive variable for MS. 30 It is important to remember that cholesterol is an essential molecule for the proper functioning of homeostasis.…”

Is it Possible to Easily Identify Metabolically Healthy Obese Women?

“…All participants signed an informed consent form. The study included women ≥ 20 years of age with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m 2 . We excluded women who smoked, used drugs or supplements of any kind (including weight loss supplements), were pregnant or nursing, or had pacemakers or metal prostheses (since they would prevent the assessment of body composition by bioimpedance).…”

“… 1 According to recent data, 17% of the Brazilian population over 20 years of age is obese, and women have higher prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and abdominal obesity. 2 …”

Associação entre síndrome metabólica, doença cardíaca e síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono

“…Em recente estimativa, a Síndrome Metabólica (SM), um distúrbio relacionado com múltiplos agravos de saúde 1 ,demonstra-se com prevalência de 20 a 25% na população adulta mundial 2 . Dado relevante, uma vez que em indivíduos acometidos por doenças coronarianas, a presença da SM aumenta consideravelmente o risco de morte 1 .…”