Prevalence and factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women with HIV in São Paulo

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection among women with HIV in São Paulo. Methods: This cross-sectional study included women with HIV who were receiving care from sixteen public health services in São Paulo (October 2013 to March 2014). All participants answered a questionnaire regarding their sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics. A urine sample was tested for CT and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) using the polymerase chain reaction. The chi-square test and a logistic regression model were used to test the associations with CT or NG infections. Results: We evaluated 853 women and ultimately included 836 (98%) women. The mean age was 40.5 ± 0.34 years, and the prevalences of CT and NG infections were 1.8% and 0.5%, respectively. CT infection was associated with CD4+ T-cell counts of <350 cells/mm 3 [adjusted odds ratio (OR adj ): 24.5], age of 18-25 years (OR adj : 23.2), the non-use of condoms during the last 6 months (OR adj : 10.2), a self-reported history of a sexually transmitted infection (OR adj : 9.4), and having two or more sexual partners during the last year (OR adj : 6.1). Conclusions: Although we observed a low prevalence of CT infection among women with HIV, younger age was associated with a high risk of infection. Therefore, it may be appropriate to include screening for CT as part of the routine care for this population.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium among women in Pelotas, Southern Brazil

“…public health system patients in hospitals or university clinics), while the majority have been conducted targeting specific groups of patients, such as only HIV patients, pregnant women, and young people. 5,8,17–25 The CT and NG infection prevalence identified in the present study is in concordance with those reported by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. 4 Our sample reflected the most varied population types, since it was drawn from a reference center for women seeking various types of care: routine examinations, STI treatment, antenatal care, etc.…”

Sero-diagnosis of &lt;i&gt;Chlamydia trachomatis&lt;/i&gt; and Molecular Detection of Genital Oncogenic &lt;i&gt;Human Papilloma Virus&lt;/i&gt; Among Cameroonian Women

“…In Rwanda, the IgG prevalence of C. trachomatis antibodies was 18.8% in subfertile and 18.3% fertile and IgA prevalence rates of 7.4% in sub-fertile and 4.1% in the fertile women lower than in our report [31]. The disproportionate burden of C. trachomatis infection in most studies might be attributed to unsafe sociobehavioural characteristics of the study population in addition to the choice of the diagnostic technique with the sero-diagnosis yielding higher prevalence due to crossreactivity than the molecular technique which more accurate [33,35].…”

Prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis en embarazadas durante el primer trimestre en una institución privada de la ciudad de Córdoba

“…Si bien éste presenta una sensibilidad ligeramente inferior si se compara con el hisopado cervical o vaginal (27) , el mismo es un método no invasivo, aceptable para el diagnóstico de infecciones genitales por C. trachomatis y es comúnmente usado como técnica de screening durante el embarazo. El porcentaje de resultados inválidos encontrados en nuestro estudio, 0,57%, fue menor al hallado en otros realizados en Brasil del 3,7% (28) y en España del 4,4% (21).…”