Prevalence and genetic analyses of Saprolegnia strains isolated from Nile tilapia farms at northern Egypt

Gamal, Samar A. El; Adawy, Rawia Saad; Zaki, Viola; Abdel‐Khalek, Ahmed M.; Zahran, Eman

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738946

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…figure (1) numbers and percentage of Saprolegnia parasitica isolated from Diwaniyah river Ten isolates of the fungus Saprolegnia parasitica were subject to PCR and the PCR products were electrophoresed for the purpose of molecular diagnosis, and the diagnosis of all isolates was identical to the traditional diagnosis, which relies on the appearance of the fungus in plates and under an optical microscope, where the bands were at 568 bp. The use of the ITS region is one of the matters widely accepted in the field of diagnosis, as it is considered highly stable and gives accurate results, especially when using high-quality primers from original source [16,18,19]. The spacer DNA known as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) is located between the large-subunit and small-subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes on a chromosome, or it may be the homologous transcribed region in the polycistronic rRNA precursor transcript.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping and Genotyping of Saprolegnia parasitica isolated from Diwaniyah River-Iraq

Al-Ameri

2024

biochemmed

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The current study included a study of the spread of Saprolegnia parasitica in the water of the Diwaniyah River, water samples were collected for three months from the Al-Furat Bridge area for three months August, September, and October, isolation was done by bait method. After that, diagnosis was made by the traditional method adopted to explain the appearance and was supported by molecular diagnosis by PCR. The results showed that the fungus S.parasitica was present in varying numbers and percentages according to the months of the study, the numbers increased with decreasing temperatures, as they were month of October was the highest month in terms of the number of isolates, as it reached 10, representing a percentage of 46%, while the month of September had 8 isolates, a percentage of 36%, and the month of August. It was the lowest, as it was 4, with a rate of 18%. The molecular study appeared that the diagnosis of all isolates was identical to the traditional diagnosis, which relies on the appearance of the fungus in plates and under an optical microscope, where the bands were at 568 bp.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping and Genotyping of Saprolegnia parasitica isolated from Diwaniyah River-Iraq

Al-Ameri

2024

biochemmed

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“…On the other hand, the results of a recent study on saprolegniosis outbreaks in Egypt have showed that the distribution of Saprolegnia spp. was more influenced by water temperature than by salinity [ 41 ]. Several studies have suggested that water temperature may be a crucial factor influencing the distribution of water molds [ 7 , 11 , 39 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of Saprolegnia velencensis sp. n. (Oomycota), a novel water mold species from Lake Velence, Hungary

Verebélyi,

Erdei,

Hardy

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Here, we describe a novel water mold species, Saprolegnia velencensis sp. n. from Lake Velence, in Hungary. Two strains (SAP239 and SAP241) were isolated from lake water, and characterized using morphological and molecular markers. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on ITS–rDNA regions and on the RNA polymerase II B subunit (RPB2) gene complemented the study. The ITS–rDNA of the two strains was 100% identical, showed the highest similarity to that of S. ferax (with 94.4% identity), and they formed a separate cluster in both the ITS–rDNA and RPB2-based maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees with high bootstrap support. Although mature oogonia and antheridia were not seen under in vitro conditions, the S. velencensis sp. n. could be clearly distinguished from its closest relative, S. ferax, by the length and width of sporangia, as the new species had shorter and narrower sporangia (163.33±70.07 and 36.69±8.27 μm, respectively) than those of S. ferax. The two species also differed in the size of the secondary cysts (11.63±1.77 μm), which were slightly smaller in S. ferax. Our results showed that S. velencensis sp. n. could not be identified with any of the previously described water mold species, justifying its description as a new species.

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“…Saprolegnia. parasitica was one of the isolates sexually and molecularly characterized in our recent study 24 . A stock culture of S. parasitica was kept on glucose yeast extract agar (GYE) at 19 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–pathogen interaction unveiled by immune, oxidative stress, and cytokine expression analysis to experimental Saprolegnia parasitica infection in Nile tilapia

Gamal

Adawy²,

Zaki

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The present study evaluated the pathogenicity, immunological, and oxidant/antioxidant responses against Saprolegnia parasitica (S. parasitica) infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Three groups of Nile tilapia were assigned as the control group (no zoospores exposure). The other two groups were challenged by Saprolegnia zoospores; one was used for sampling, and the other for mortality monitoring. The study lasted 3 weeks and was sampled at three point times at 1, 2, and 3 weeks. Results showed that S. parasitica zoospores were pathogenic to Nile tilapia, causing a cumulative mortality rate of 86.6%. Immunoglobulin M and C- reactive protein (IgM and CRP) levels showed a similar trend being significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) higher in the infected group at weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to the control group. Oxidant and antioxidant parameters in gills revealed that Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly higher in the infected group compared to the control group. While catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (CAT, GSH, and SOD) levels were significantly decreased in the infected group compared to the control group. Compared to the control, the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene was firmly upregulated in gill tissue at all-time points, particularly at day 14 post-infection. Meanwhile, Interleukin 1-β (IL-1 β) gene was significantly upregulated only at days 7 and 14 post-infection compared to control. Histopathological examination revealed destructive and degenerative changes in both skin and gills of experimentally infected Nile tilapia. Our findings suggest that Nile tilapia-S. parasitica infection model was successful in better understanding of pathogenicity and host (fish)-pathogen (oomycete) interactions, where the induced oxidative stress and upregulation of particular immune biomarkers in response to S. parasitica infection may play a crucial role in fish defense against oomycetes in fish.

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Prevalence and genetic analyses of Saprolegnia strains isolated from Nile tilapia farms at northern Egypt

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Phenotyping and Genotyping of Saprolegnia parasitica isolated from Diwaniyah River-Iraq

Phenotyping and Genotyping of Saprolegnia parasitica isolated from Diwaniyah River-Iraq

Description of Saprolegnia velencensis sp. n. (Oomycota), a novel water mold species from Lake Velence, Hungary

Host–pathogen interaction unveiled by immune, oxidative stress, and cytokine expression analysis to experimental Saprolegnia parasitica infection in Nile tilapia

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