Prevalence and genetic diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in sheep in China

Yang, Huohai; Mi, Rongsheng; Cheng, Long; Huang, Yan; An, Rui; Zhang, Yehua; Jia, Hao; Zhang, Xiaoli; Wang, Xu; Han, Xiangan; Chen, Zhaoguo

doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3178-9

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar rate of infection was reported for E. bieneusi in sheep in Northeast China (13.9%, 68/489) (11), Southwest China (10.6%, 70/661) (12), and Egypt (11.2%, 10/89) (13); while lower infection rates were detected in sheep in East-central China (3.4%, 28/832) (14) and Slovakia (0/33) (15). However, a higher prevalence of E. bieneusi was found in Inner Mongolian (China) lambs (77.8%, 126/162) (16), Swedish lambs (68%, 49/72) (17), Brazilian sheep (19.2%, 24/125) (18), and in sheep from some other studies in China (19)(20)(21)(22). The differences in the prevalence are likely due to differences in the geographic and ecological setup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Many studies showed the variation in infection rates of E. bieneusi in different age group of sheep, as well as in lambs (12,14,17,21). In present study, only lambs younger than 3 months were assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The genotype BEB6 identified in cattle in the United States (23), was also identified as the dominant E. bieneusi genotype (13/39, 33.3%) in lambs in the present study. Many other studies demonstrated that the genotype BEB6 was the dominant E. Bieneusi genotype in sheep in Sweden (17), Brazil (18), and China (16,21). Although this genotype was considered to be cattle-specific, it is now recognized as a dominant genotype in humans, animals and birds in a wide geographic distribution, and has zoonotic potential (11,17,19,24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Wegayehu

Karim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently diagnosed microsporidian species in humans and occurs in a wide range of animals. This study was conducted in Central Ethiopia to determine the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in lambs in order to evaluate their public health significance. Three hundred eighty nine fecal samples were collected and screened using a nested PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene. All positive PCR products were sequenced to determine the genotypes. E. bieneusi was found in 39 (10.03%) of the lambs. Differences in the infection rates among sex and age groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Five ITS genotypes belonging to three known genotypes BEB6, COS-I, and COS-II, and two novel genotypes (ET-L1 and ET-L2) were identified in lambs. All five genotypes identified in the present study clustered within cattle-specific Group 2 in the ITS phylogenetic tree. This first molecular detection and characterization of E. bieneusi in lambs in Ethiopia has identified the need for further studies in humans and other domestic animals in order to determine the public health significance of E. bieneusi in Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Wegayehu

Karim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…In the present study, 11 E. bieneui genotypes were identified, including six known genotypes (D, I, BEB6, CHG3, CHG5, and CHG2) and five novel genotypes (HNE-I to HNE-V). Of these, genotype D, I, and BEB6 have been found in humans, and genotypes CHG2, CHG3, and CHG5 were commonly found in goats and sheep in China (Shi et al, 2016; Chen et al, 2018; Yang et al, 2018; Li et al, 2019a). Out of the 11 genotypes identified in the present study, genotype D is the most frequently detected in humans, and has been found in both HIV-positive patients and HIV-negative individuals from America, Europe, Asia, and Africa (Matos et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-Based Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Farm-Raised and Free-Ranging Geese (Anser anser f. domestica) From Hainan Province of China: Natural Infection Rate and the Species or Genotype Distribution

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi are two important zoonotic pathogens that can infect humans and a broad range of animal hosts. However, few studies have been conducted to study infection of the two pathogens in domestic geese until now. The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of natural infection, and the species or genotype distribution of Cryptosporidium and E. bieneusi in farm-raised and free-ranging geese from Hainan Province of China. In total, 266 fecal samples of geese were collected (142 farm-raised and 124 free-ranging geese). Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi were identified by nested PCR and sequencing analysis of the SSU rRNA and the ITS region of the rRNA genes. A total of 4.1% (12/226) of the geese were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., with 0.7% identified in the farm-raised geese and 7.0% in the free-ranging geese. Two bird-adapted species/genotypes were identified: C. baileyi (n = 1) and Cryptosporidium goose genotype I (n = 11). Meanwhile, E. bieneusi was found in 13.9% (37/266) of geese, with 8.9% identified in the farm-raised and 21.8% in the free-ranging geese. Eleven genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified constituted with six known genotypes: D (n = 13), I (n = 5), CHG2 (n = 1), CHG3 (n = 5), and CHG5 (n = 1), and five novel genotypes named HNE-I to V (one each). All of the genotypes identified in the geese here belonged to zoonotic Groups 1 or 2. This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi in domestic geese from Hainan, China, and provides baseline data that will be useful for controlling and preventing these pathogens in goose farms. The geese infected with E. bieneusi, but not with Cryptosporidium, should be considered potential public health threats.

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“…Microsporidia are small, spore forming, obligate intracellular protozoa detected in many hosts. Up till now, 1300 microsporidian species or more, related to 150 genera, were detected [1] . Ent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal microsporidiosis: prevalence and genetic study of Egyptian isolates

Abdel-Baki

M.Sc.

Hameed

et al. 2020

Parasitologists United Journal

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Background: Diagnosis of microsporidiosis is difficult due to its small size needing special stains and identification by an expert. Nowadays, application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) made diagnosis more sensitive, specific and easier. Objectives: To update the prevalence of intestinal microsporidia and to clarify their genotype patterns in symptomatic and asymptomatic immune compromised and immune competent cases. Patients and Methods: Totally, 323 stool samples were collected and subdivided as 173 from immune compromised (group I) and 150 from immune competent (group II) individuals. Samples were examined for microsporidiosis by light microscopy smears stained by Weber's modified trichrome (WMT) and modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN), as well as by nested and RFLP PCR techniques. Results: Microsporidial spores were microscopically detected in 45/323 (13.9%) individuals; 25/173 (14.5%) immune compromised and 20/150 (13.3%) immune competent cases. In the two groups, 25/45 (55.6%) were symptomatic complaining of diarrhea, abdominal pain, distension, mal-digestion and weight loss, with statistical significant difference (P<0.001) between infection and presence of symptoms. Nested and RFLP PCR missed only one positive case, thus scoring 97.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 99.6% and diagnostic accuracy 97.8%. In group I, 5 cases were associated with Enterocytozoon (Ent.) bieneusi, 5 with Encephalitozoon (Enc.) species and 15 had mixed infection. In group II, 6 had Ent. bieneusi, 3 had Enc. species and 10 had mixed infection. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA of five samples demonstrated the Ent. bieneusi anthroponotic genotype B and the zoonotic potential for genotypes D and K, in addition to one Enc. intestinalis sequence. Conclusion: Prevalence of microsporidiosis was insignificantly higher in immune compromised than immune competent population. Intestinal microsporidiosis can be manifested by different abdominal symptoms or it can be asymptomatic. PCR technique highlighted that mixed infection with Ent. bieneusi and Encephalitozoon species was the commonest finding among the studied groups. Ent. bieneusi genotypes appeared to be related to animal contact and human infection. This, however, could not be accurately defined due to the limited number of available sequences.

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Prevalence and genetic diversity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in sheep in China

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

PCR-Based Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Farm-Raised and Free-Ranging Geese (Anser anser f. domestica) From Hainan Province of China: Natural Infection Rate and the Species or Genotype Distribution

Intestinal microsporidiosis: prevalence and genetic study of Egyptian isolates

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