Prevalence and genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants in cystic fibrosis patients

Yağci, Şükran; Hasçelik, Gülşen; Doğru, Deniz; Özçeli̇k, Uğur; Şener, Burçin

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03742.x

Cited by 52 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During the last 40 years, nine prospective studies dealing with the culture of S. aureus SCVs from the airways of almost 2,000 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients (the numbers of patients in the different studies ranged from 14 to 594) during a period of 3 to 34 months (mean, 13 months) have been published from 6 countries, including the United Kingdom, United States, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, and Turkey (30,31,(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63) (Table 3). This special interest in SCV occurrence and prevalence in CF is due to some special characteristics of CF airways, which are explained briefly in the following paragraph.…”

Section: Cystic Fibrosis Airway Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, we showed that SCVs were better able to persist intracellularly in eukaryotic cells than their isogenic normal S. aureus strain, supporting the hypothesis that S. aureus and especially SCVs can hide intracellularly, where they are protected against the host defense and antibiotic therapy. Yagci et al reported a prevalence of 8.1% (n ϭ 20) in their 248 CF patients during an 11-month study (63). Six of 48 SCVs (12.5%) were thymidine dependent and SXT resistant, and there was a history of SXT treatment in five patients.…”

Section: Cystic Fibrosis Airway Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, a given SCV isolate mirrors the genetically encoded resistance pattern of its parental strain. Thus, ␤-lactamase-producing SCVs and mecA-based MRSA-SCVs have been described repeatedly (31,63,92,(186)(187)(188). However, in addition to and beyond these classical mechanisms of antibiotic resistance described for staphylococci, the SCV phenotype is viewed as a prime example of the expression of phenotypic resistance, often also called functional resistance.…”

Section: Current and Future Treatment Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Staphylococcal Small Colony Variants in Persistent Infections

2016

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SUMMARYSmall colony variants (SCVs) were first described more than 100 years ago forStaphylococcus aureusand various coagulase-negative staphylococci. Two decades ago, an association between chronic staphylococcal infections and the presence of SCVs was observed. Since then, many clinical studies and observations have been published which tie recurrent, persistent staphylococcal infections, including device-associated infections, bone and tissue infections, and airway infections of cystic fibrosis patients, to this special phenotype. By their intracellular lifestyle, SCVs exhibit so-called phenotypic (or functional) resistance beyond the classical resistance mechanisms, and they can often be retrieved from therapy-refractory courses of infection. In this review, the various clinical infections where SCVs can be expected and isolated, diagnostic procedures for optimized species confirmation, and the pathogenesis of SCVs, including defined underlying molecular mechanisms and the phenotype switch phenomenon, are presented. Moreover, relevant animal models and suggested treatment regimens, as well as the requirements for future research areas, are highlighted.

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Section: Cystic Fibrosis Airway Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cystic Fibrosis Airway Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current and Future Treatment Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Staphylococcal Small Colony Variants in Persistent Infections

2016

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“…Normal fenotip Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarına göre yavaş üreyen, pigmentsiz, hemoliz yapmayan, çok küçük kolonilerle karakterize S. aureus küçük koloni varyantlarının (KKV), atipik fenotipik ve metabolik özellikleri nedeniyle laboratuvar tanısı güçlükle konabilmektedir 1 . Klinik mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarlarında doğru tanımlanması gereken bu suşlar, atipik koloni morfolojileri nedeniyle gözden kaçırılabilmekte veya sıklıkla kontaminasyon olarak değerlendirilerek hatalı sonuçlar verilebilmektedir 2 .…”

Section: Sayın Editörunclassified

Staphylococcus aureus küçük koloni varyantı: kolaylıkla atlanan bir tanı

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Sancak

et al. 2016

Cukurova Medical Journal (Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi)

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“…Polyclonality can also occur when the patient is infected with different clones from the same section of skin, which may occur either during surgery or afterwards and is likely a more common phenomenon (7). Several reports have found polyclonality in monomicrobial infections among isolates of small-colony variant staphylococci, which present phenotypically different colonies (8)(9)(10), but this phenomenon may also happen among phenotypically identical colonies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Detection of Polyclonality among Clinical Isolates from Prosthetic Joint Infections

et al. 2015

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Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is an increasingly important health concern in the Western world due to the rising number of joint arthroplasties. Although most infections are considered to be monomicrobial, the introduction of sonication procedures has led to an increase in the detection of polymicrobial infections. To date, no published studies have investigated the presence of different clones of the same species in the infected patient. The objective of this study was to analyze whether the phenomenon of polyclonality, or the appearance of different clones in the same sample, occurs in PJI. Bacteria isolated by sonication of the retrieved implant from patients with theoretically monomicrobial PJI were included in the study. Two techniques (random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD] and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight [MALDI-TOF] mass spectrometry) were used to determine the presence of several clones in the same sample. Results were analyzed to determine bacterial species and infection type (acute versus chronic). RAPD showed a predominance of polyclonal cases (16 of 19). However, when performing the analysis with MALDI-TOF, all cases were shown to be polyclonal. We were unable to establish any relationship between the two methodologies. Polyclonality is a common phenomenon in acute and chronic PJI. Further studies are needed to establish the potential implications of this phenomenon on patient outcomes. P rosthetic joint replacement, or arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure that has improved the quality of life for many people around the world, providing pain relief and improved functionality to limbs (1-3). However, 10% of all patients who undergo this operation develop complications at some point in their lives; although it is not the most common, infection is one of the most significant of these complications, having an incidence of 1% to 3% (1, 3, 4). The microorganisms that cause most cases of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) are those belonging to the genus Staphylococcus (60% of cases), of which infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus constitute 25%. Gram-negative organisms (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other species) represent a smaller proportion of cases (10%) (1, 2, 5). Notably, up to 20% to 25% of PJIs are polymicrobial infections (1-3).When the growth conditions of the bacteria causing PJI become hostile, as may occur during antibiotic therapy, a coping mechanism known as spontaneous random hypermutation occurs as the bacteria attempt to overcome the unfavorable environment (6). This results in the development of polyclonality or the appearance of different clones in the same sample or environment (6). Polyclonality can also occur when the patient is infected with different clones from the same section of skin, which may occur either during surgery or afterwards and is likely a more common phenomenon (7). Several reports have found polyclonality in monomicrobial infections among isolates of small-colony variant staphylococci, which present phenotyp...

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Prevalence and genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants in cystic fibrosis patients

Cited by 52 publications

References 26 publications

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Staphylococcal Small Colony Variants in Persistent Infections

Clinical Significance and Pathogenesis of Staphylococcal Small Colony Variants in Persistent Infections

Staphylococcus aureus küçük koloni varyantı: kolaylıkla atlanan bir tanı

Detection of Polyclonality among Clinical Isolates from Prosthetic Joint Infections

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