Prevalence and genomic investigation of Salmonella isolates recovered from animal food-chain in Xinjiang, China

Liu, Yingyu; Jiang, J.; Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz; Li, Yongming; Peng, Xianqi; Xia, Lining; Guo, Qingyong; Yao, Gang; Yue, Min

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110198

Cited by 54 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…Generally, animal farms are considered natural reservoirs of Salmonella, especially poultry and pigs (Li et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2017;. Salmonella could colonize the digestive tract of animals and are excreted in feces and spread into the environment (Kagambèga et al, 2013;Bonardi, 2017;Jiang et al, 2019), then transmitted to humans via the food chain (Ed-Dra et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Wilson et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2021). Therefore, several studies have reported the presence of Salmonella in foods of animal origin, especially meat products (Ed-Dra et al, 2017;Jiang et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, whole genome sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis was considered as a cost-effective method for the diagnosis and characterization of foodborne pathogens (Biswas et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020Liu et al, , 2021Yu et al, 2020). As proof-of-concept, we conduct a study in a pig slaughterhouse in Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province, China), to obtain Salmonella isolates from different sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

Ed-Dra

Pan

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The pig industry is the principal source of meat products in China, and the presence of pathogens in pig-borne meat is a crucial threat to public health. Salmonella is the major pathogen associated with pig-borne diseases. However, route surveillance by genomic platforms along the food chain is still limited in China. Here, we conducted a study to evaluate the dynamic prevalence of Salmonella in a pig slaughtering process in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Fifty-five of 226 (24.37%) samples were positive for Salmonella; from them, 78 different isolates were selected and subjected to whole genome sequencing followed by bioinformatics analyses to determine serovar distribution, MLST patterns, antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmid replicons, and virulence factors. Moreover, phenotypic antimicrobial resistance was performed using the broth dilution method against 14 antimicrobial agents belonging to 10 antimicrobial classes. Our results showed that samples collected from the dehairing area (66.66%) and the splitting area (57.14%) were the most contaminated. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance classified 67 of 78 isolates (85.90%) as having multidrug resistance (MDR), while the highest resistance was observed in tetracycline (85.90%; 67/78) followed by ampicillin (84.62%; 66/78), chloramphenicol (71.80%; 56/78), and nalidixic acid (61.54%; 48/78). Additionally, serovar prediction showed the dominance of Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 (51.28%; 40/78) among the 78 studied isolates, while plasmid prediction reported the dominance of IncHI2A_1 (20.51%; 16/78), followed by IncX1_1 (17.95%; 14/78) and IncHI2_1 (11.54%; 9/78). Virulence factor prediction showed the detection of cdtB gene encoding typhoid toxins in two Salmonella Goldcoast ST358 and one Salmonella Typhimurium ST19, while one isolate of Salmonella London ST155 was positive for genes encoding for the siderophore “yersiniabactin” and the gene senB encoding for enterotoxin production. From this study, we conclude that pig slaughterhouses are critical points for the dissemination of virulent and multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates along the food chain which require the implementation of management systems to control the critical points. Moreover, there is an urgent need for the implementation of the whole genome sequencing platform to monitor the emergence of virulent and multidrug-resistant clones along the food chain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

Ed-Dra

Pan

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…In addition, Salmonella is a leading etiological agent associated with outbreaks of food-borne illness worldwide, commonly resulting in global economic losses (1)(2)(3). Animals, including poultry are a main reservoir for Salmonella, such as the prevalent Salmonella serovars Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum), Salmonella Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum), Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Some of these serovars can lead to serious zoonotic diseases via contaminated foods such as poultry and eggs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Broad-Host-Range Lytic Phage SHWT1 Against Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella and Evaluation of Its Therapeutic Efficacy in vitro and in vivo

Tao

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Inappropriate use of antibiotics has accelerated to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, becoming a major health threat. Moreover, bacterial biofilms contribute to antibiotic resistance and prolonged infections. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy may provide an alternative strategy for controlling multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. In this study, a broad-host-range phage, SHWT1, with lytic activity against multidrug-resistant Salmonella was isolated, characterized and evaluated for the therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Phage SHWT1 exhibited specific lytic activity against the prevalent Salmonella serovars, such as Salmonella Pullorum, Salmonella Gallinarum, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Salmonella Typhimurium. Morphological analysis showed that phage SHWT1 was a member of the family Siphoviridae and the order Caudovirales. Phage SHWT1 had a latent period of 5 min and burst size of ~150 plaque-forming units (PFUs)/cell. The phage was stable from pH 3-12 and 4–65°C. Phage SHWT1 also showed capacity to lyse Salmonella planktonic cells and inhibit the biofilm formation at optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 100, respectively. In addition, phage SHWT1 was able to lyse intracellular Salmonella within macrophages. Genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses revealed that SHWT1 was a lytic phage without toxin genes, virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, or significant genomic rearrangements. We found that phage SHWT1 could successfully protect mice against S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium infection. Elucidation of the characteristics and genome sequence of phage SHWT1 demonstrates that this phage is a potential therapeutic agent against the salmonellosis caused by multidrug-resistant Salmonella.

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“…The resistant Salmonella then quickly pass to human through the food chain and cause huge health crises. 14 Even if the international tripartite organizations (WHO, FAO, and OIE) and Codex Alimentarius are working against antibiotic resistance and set action plans to minimize antibiotic use along the food chain, the use of antibiotics is increasing at an alarming rate. 15,16 Before this research, many other types of research were conducted to assess the resistance pattern of Salmonella both in human and animals, but due to the "evolutionary nature of the bacteria and the dependency of patients to antibiotics", the resistance level of Salmonella to antibiotics has been increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resistant Salmonella then quickly pass to human through the food chain and cause huge health crises. 14 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Development in Animal Production: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gebeyehu¹

2021

VMRR

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Background: In recent years, an increase in the development of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens especially foodborne zoonotic bacteria has been observed. As a result, crude mortality rates are increasing due to those resistant bacteria in both human and animal populations, particularly in developing countries like Tanzania where the risk of infection is high due to poor biosecurity measures, close animal-human interactions, and extensive use of antimicrobials for animal productions. One of those zoonotic bacterial pathogens, which commonly contaminates food, is Salmonella. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out on samples collected from diarrheic sheep, to assess the level of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella. From 165 fecal samples, 80 of which were tested positive for Salmonella. The antibiotic resistance level of Salmonella isolates was conducted by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using ten commonly used antibiotics in the study area. Results: Out of 80 Salmonella positive samples, all (100%) of them were resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin while sixty-eight (85%), 68 (85%), and 60 (75%) isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and kanamycin, respectively. Thirty (37.5%) Salmonella isolates were resistant to both trimethoprim and tetracycline and 25% of the isolates were resistant to both doxycycline and chloramphenicol while 12.5% of the isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid. Conclusion:This study revealed that the Salmonella isolates of diarrheic sheep developed a wide range of resistance to different antibiotics. Further studies and integrative approaches in a one health framework among animal-human and environmental health professionals are recommended for the mitigation of health risks arising from antibiotic-resistant zoonotic pathogens like Salmonella.

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Prevalence and genomic investigation of Salmonella isolates recovered from animal food-chain in Xinjiang, China

Cited by 54 publications

References 61 publications

Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

Genomic Investigation of Salmonella Isolates Recovered From a Pig Slaughtering Process in Hangzhou, China

Characterization of a Broad-Host-Range Lytic Phage SHWT1 Against Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella and Evaluation of Its Therapeutic Efficacy in vitro and in vivo

Antibiotic Resistance Development in Animal Production: A Cross-Sectional Study

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