Prevalence and impact of scapular muscle pain among video gamers in Rawalpindi and Islamabad: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Scapular muscle pain is common among individuals who engage in prolonged video gaming sessions. Poor posture, repetitive movements, and extended screen time contribute to musculoskeletal discomfort, particularly in the muscles surrounding the scapula. With the rise in Esports and video gaming as a primary source of entertainment, there is a growing need to understand the prevalence and impact of scapular muscle pain among gamers. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of scapular muscle pain among video gamers in Rawalpindi and Islamabad and to investigate the impact of this pain on gaming performance and quality of life. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over six months in various gaming centers, communities, and universities in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. 100 male video gamers aged 15 to 40 were selected using non-probability convenience sampling. Pain and functional limitations were measured using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and Scapular Assistance Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Most participants (86%) were aged 15-25 years, with gaming hours ranging from 3-7 hours per day. Pain intensity assessment revealed that 59% of participants experienced moderate pain, while 8% reported severe pain. SPADI results indicated that 56% of gamers had very severe pain and disability. The Scapular Assistance Test showed that 68% of participants tested positive, indicating the presence of scapular muscle pain. Scapular muscle pain is prevalent among video gamers in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, particularly younger gamers who engage in prolonged gaming sessions. The study highlights the need for interventions to address poor posture and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal issues in this population.