Prevalence and indicators of post partum fatty infiltration of the liver in nine commercial dairy herds in The Netherlands

Jorritsma, R.; Jorritsma, H.; Schukken, Y.H.; Bartlett, Paul C.; Wensing, Th.; Wentink, G. H.

doi:10.1016/s0301-6226(00)00208-6

Cited by 119 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, sublinical fatty liver and its detrimental effects on health and performance need a definition. At present, subclinical fatty liver in periparturient cows is poorly defined, more than 2% (Muylle et al 1990), more than 3% (Katoh and Kimura 1989), more than 4% (Zerbe et al 2000), or more than 5% (Jorritsma et al 2001) liver TAG (wet weight). Therefore, the liver TAG values found in the present study are indicative of mild and moderate fatty liver.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Rosendo¹,

McDowell²

2003

Acta Vet. Brno

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Rosendo O., L. R. McDowell: Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient DairyCows. Acta Vet. Brno 2003, 72: 541-546. One hundred and fifty liver samples were collected from forty multiparous Holstein cows at an average of 16 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum. The objectives of this study were to determine the statistical relationship between liver percentages of dry matter (LDM) and total lipids (TL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) on a wet basis and to develop predictive equations of TL and TAG from LDM that could be used for the diagnosis of fatty liver in transition cows. Estimates of LDM changed slightly with time to calving. The best-fitting models to describe the inverse relationship between LDM and liver lipids using the entire data set (LDM: 20.0 to 36.2%, TL: 2.9 to 14.9%; TAG: 0.7 to 10.4%) were the following second-order polynomial derived equations. For TL = 44.268 -(3.3625 x LDM) + (0.0717 x LDM 2 ) (R 2 = 0.53%; P < 0.0001) and for TAG = 39.983 -(3.2370 x LDM) + (0.0678 x LDM 2 ) (R 2 = 0.58%; P < 0.0001). The precision of equation for TAG (R 2 = 0.61) slightly improved with a third-order polynomial equation after reducing data to LDM greater than 25% because of less variability in liver TAG with higher LDM. Time to calving did not influence the relationship between LDM and liver lipids. For practical applications, these predictive equations could be used as an approximation of a mild to moderate (up to 10% TAG, wet weight) fatty liver in multiparous periparturient dairy cows when the chemical analysis to quantify liver lipids is not affordable.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Rosendo¹,

McDowell²

2003

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Also, it results in increased hepatic uptake of NEFA's and consequently in an increased hepatic TAG production. The relation between the plasma NEFA concentration and the amount of TAG accumulated in the liver is different between cows [29,54]. When this TAG production exceeds the capacity of the liver to excrete TAG in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), TAG is accumulated in the liver.…”

Section: Negative Energy Balance and Adaptation: Definition Quantifimentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows

Jorritsma

Wensing

Kruip³

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

204

163

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-This review addresses the suggestion that the decline in dairy reproductive performance, as increasingly observed these days, may be due to a hampered process of metabolic adaptation in early lactating cows. In our opinion, adaptation to the negative energy balance is a gradual process. Because almost all cows do adapt in the long run, it is not possible to classify animals as adapted or non-adapted. The use of risk factors is more appropriate in this case and is discussed in this review. Among them are the body condition score and its derivatives, feed intake, the calculated negative energy balance, and metabolic parameters like the plasma concentration of insulin or the triacylglycerol content in the liver. Moreover, factors that play a role in the link between declined reproductive performance and the metabolic situation of the cow during the early lactating period are discussed. Among these are insulin, insulin-like growth factors, leptin, neuropeptide Y, nonesterified fatty acids, thyroïd hormones, urea, and ammonia. fertility / dairy / periparturient metabolic adaptation / physiopathology / periparturition

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“…The metabolic changes occurring in transition dairy cows may have consequences on cow's health causing severe economic losses for dairy farmers due to drop in milk yield and increase in culling rates (Goff & Horst 1997, Jorritsma et al 2001. Studies in human medicine demonstrated that high concentrations of NEFA are linked to metabolic and inflammatory diseases, induce inflammation and affect immune function (Zhang et al 2006, Yaqoob & Calder 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between some variables of protein profile and indicators of lipomobilization in dairy cows after calving

2014

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The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of the main indicators of lipomobilization and selected variables of protein profile in dairy cows after calving, including immunoglobulins and acute phase proteins, as well as to evaluate the relationships between the altered lipid metabolism and changes in protein profile. Into the evaluation we included 54 clinically healthy dairy cows of a Slovak spotted breed, low-land black spotted breed and their crossbreeds in the period of 1-2 weeks after parturition. Blood samples were analysed for non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA, mmol/l), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB, mmol/l), total proteins (TP, g/l), albumin (Alb, g/l), immunoglobulin G (IgG, g/l), haptoglobin (Hp, g/l) and serum amyloid A (SAA, mg/l). In cows with concentrations of NEFA above 0.35 mmol/l (n=20) we found significantly lower mean serum concentrations of total proteins, albumin and IgG than in cows with serum NEFA concentrations below 0.35 mmol/l (n=34) (P<0.001). On the other hand, cows with higher values of NEFA showed significantly higher mean concentrations of BHB, Hp and SAA (P<0.001). The concentrations of NEFA significantly negatively correlated with the values of TP (P<0.001), albumin (P<0.01) and IgG (P<0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between the concentrations of NEFA and BHB, Hp, as well as SAA (P<0.001). Similar correlations were also found between the values of BHB and the variables of protein profile except for albumin. This study indicates strong relationships between NEFA and selected variables of protein profile in cows after parturition.

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Prevalence and indicators of post partum fatty infiltration of the liver in nine commercial dairy herds in The Netherlands

Cited by 119 publications

References 18 publications

Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Relationship between Liver Dry Matter and Liver Lipids in Periparturient Dairy Cows

Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows

Relationship between some variables of protein profile and indicators of lipomobilization in dairy cows after calving

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