Prevalence and intensity of malaria in blood donors at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

Umeanaeto, PU; Ekejindu, Ifeoma Mercy; Ifeanyichukwu, MO

doi:10.4314/njpar.v27i1.37829

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Malaria and anaemia remain major health problems in many tropical countries (Adedotun et al 2013;Tine et al 2012). Approximately 55% point prevalence of malaria infection in this study population is relatively high when compare with previous studies in the same ecological zone (Anumudu et al 2006;Abdullahi et al 2009;Umeanaeto and Ekejindu 2006;Aribodor et al 2003). This may be attributed to the period of the study (rainy season) which coincides with the peak period of mosquitoes breeding and parasite transmission (Erhabor et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Malaria-induced anaemia and serum micronutrients in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infected patients

et al. 2017

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Interaction between malaria, anaemia and malnutrition is poorly understood in asymptomatic malaria patients. This information is important in the management of malaria infection in many endemic regions in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria parasitaemia, full blood counts and serum levels of essential micronutrients particularly iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) of the patients attending Health Centres in Ilorin, Kwara state were investigated using microscope, auto-haemanalyzer and atomic absorption spectrophotometer respectively. A total of 123 (55.2%) of our study population were positive of . Infection was age-specific ( < 0.0001), and a significant proportion (88.6%) of malaria infected patients were 28.5% mild, 45.5% moderate and 14.6% severely anaemic. The severity of anaemia increases as parasite density increases. Analysis of serum micronutrients revealed a significant low level of iron (3.72 mg/l), copper (2.05 mg/l) and zinc (3.67 mg/l) in infected patients (p < 0.0001); which further increased their anaemic condition. This study confirmed a significant relationship between severity of anaemia and nutritional deficiency in the pathogenesis of malaria infection. We therefore, recommend that immunomodulation potential of micronutrients may be essential in the management of malaria infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Malaria-induced anaemia and serum micronutrients in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infected patients

et al. 2017

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“…The overall malaria prevalence of 71.1% found in the study area was higher than the 53.5% obtained in Ogun State by Sam-Wobo et al [18]. The overall malaria prevalence was also substantially higher than other similar studies reported in other parts of Nigeria [12,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Anumudu et al [24] reported 17%; Igbenegbu et al [28] who reported 21.1% in Iwo community, Oyo State and Onyido et al [12] in Anambra State, Nigeria who reported 70.8%.%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…In Tanzania, malaria prevalence studies conducted in urban areas of Dodoma and Iringa by Mboera et al [41] indicated that P. falciparum was the predominant malaria parasite (Iringa=100%, Dodoma=97.8%). Also Umeanaeto et al [25] recorded predominance of P. falciparum in the prevalence and intensity of malaria in blood donors in Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria. Plasmodium vivax is rare because this population lacks the Duffy blood group antigens on their red blood cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Epidemiological Factors in Prevalence of Malaria Parasites in Primary Health Facilities Attendees, Ogun State, Nigeria

NO¹

2014

Malaria Contr Elimination

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Malaria caused by Plasmodium species is often observed in areas where malaria is endemic. Malaria prevalence in metropolitan Abeokuta of Ogun State, Nigeria was studied between October, 2012 and January 2013. Oral interviews were used to get personal data of participants. Blood samples were obtained from 384 consented participants from the seven primary health centers. Blood film examination using Giemsa staining techniques was used to detect malaria parasites in the blood. From the 384 participants examined 273 (71.1%) were positive with malaria parasites. Species detected included Plasmodium falciparum (95.6%), Plasmodium malariae (3.3%), P. ovale (0.7%) and P. vivax (0.4%). The age-group 1-11 years had the highest malaria prevalence 94 (81%) while 51-60 had the least 6(54.5%). The malaria prevalence in relation to age was significant (p=0.011, p<0.05). The males 110 (73.8%) were slightly more affected than the females 163 (69.4%), but not statistically significant (p=0.347, p>0.05). Malaria prevalence was significantly higher among those with no formal education 80 (81.6%) and least among post-secondary educational. Prevalence among occupational groups showed significant difference, where the unemployed group were more infected and the retiree group had the least infection (p=0.014, p<0.05). The singles (56.4%) were more infected than the married (43.6%). The prevalence in relation to age was significant (p=0.000, p<0.05). The study has revealed that malaria disease can affect all age groups and both males and females' sexes irrespective of their educational and occupational cadre. Public enlightenment efforts need to be intensified towards the prevention of malaria.

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“…Due to paucity of blood donors in Nigeria, donor deferral cannot also be practiced. Commercial donors predominate in Nigeria and screening for malaria parasites is neither routinely done in Nigerian blood bank nor stipulated in the current National Blood Transfusion Guidelines (Federal Ministry of Health, 1991; Umeanaeto et al, 2006). This may be because transmission of malaria through blood transfusion is generally not regarded as a serious problem as the area is holoendemic for malaria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rate of malaria transmission during rainy season has been reported (Uneke et al, 2006). The number of parasites recorded in thick films (+, ++) does not indicate severe infection but then preservation of blood at 4 o C does not destroy the parasites and one to two parasites per microlitre of blood which are undetected on thick or thin blood films are sufficient to transmit the illness (Umeanaeto et al, 2006). This is a major challenge to the problem of clinical and transfusion services all over the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Infection Among Blood Donors in Onitsha Urban, Southeast Nigeria

Ekwunife¹,

Ozumba²,

Eneanya³

et al. 2011

Sierra Leone j. biomed. res.

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Blood safety is a major issue of global concern in transfusion medicine especially in developing countries, where national blood transfusion policies and services as well as financial resources are lacking or inadequate. Transfusion-transmitted malaria is a potential health hazard but is often neglected in many malarious areas. Malaria infection among blood donors in Onitsha urban, Southeast Nigeria was studied between August and October 2008. Venous blood of donors was screened for malaria parasites using Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood films. The ABO and Rhesus phenotypes were classified using a haemaglutination standard test and demographic data of donors documented. Of the 410 blood donors analysed, 304 (74.1%) were infected. Plasmodium falciparium was identified in all positive cases and mixed infection with P. malariae was seen in 5(1.6%) cases. Infection significantly varied with age and not with sex and occupation (p<0.05). People with blood group O + showed significantly higher rate of infection (p<0.05). Since there is scarcity of voluntary donors in Nigeria, donor deferral done in non-malarial endemic regions cannot be practiced in Nigeria. The high prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in this area, suggests the need for careful screening of blood samples for malaria parasites. Positive samples should be indicated on the blood packs and transfusion of malaria positive blood requires the administration of curative dose of antimalarials to the patient. Commercial donors should be freely given mosquito treated bed nets and be encouraged to sleep under them.

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Prevalence and intensity of malaria in blood donors at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Malaria-induced anaemia and serum micronutrients in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infected patients

Malaria-induced anaemia and serum micronutrients in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infected patients

Epidemiological Factors in Prevalence of Malaria Parasites in Primary Health Facilities Attendees, Ogun State, Nigeria

Malaria Infection Among Blood Donors in Onitsha Urban, Southeast Nigeria

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