Prevalence and molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected children in Senegal

Toyé, Rayana Maryse; Lô, Gora; Diop-Ndiaye, Halimatou; Cissé, Abdoul Magib; Ndiaye, Anna Julienne Selbé; Kébé-Fall, Khady; Dramé, Aboubakri; Cohen, Damien; Pujol, Flor H.; Mboup, Souleymane; Boye, Cheikh Saad Bouh; Chemin, Isabelle; Laborde‐Balen, Gabrièle; Taverne, Bernard; Touré-Kâne, Coumba

doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2020.07.007

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The result of this study reveals a higher positivity rates of HBsAg compared to results reported by investigators from West Africa (2.2–5.3%) [ 20 , 35 – 38 ] and comparable positivity rates of anti-HCV (0.5–3.9%) results from the same region [ 20 , 37 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus among highly active antiretroviral therapy experienced children in Gondar, Ethiopia

2022

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Background Globally, chronic viral hepatitis is the cause of mortality alongside human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and tuberculosis. Published reports on the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among HIV-infected children are lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. Hence, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-experienced children at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methods We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among HAART-experienced children from January to May 2020. We collected the socio-demographic characteristics of study participants with pretested questioners and clinical data from medical records. We performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based laboratory test for serum hepatitis B surface antigens and anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies. Finally, we analyzed the frequency of all variables, determined the association of independent variables with hepatitis B and C viruses by using univariable and then multivariable logistic regression. Results A total of 241 HAART-experienced children were enrolled, 49.8% of whom were girls. The median age of participants was 13 years (interquartile range 11–14). The seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection among HAART-experienced children were 9.5% and 2.9%, respectively. Being underweight was significantly associated with both hepatitis B virus (AOR = 3.87: 95% CI; 1.04–14.46, P = 0.044) and hepatitis C virus infections (AOR = 4.54: 95% CI; 1.21–17.04, P = 0.025). Conclusions This study showed that the magnitude of hepatitis B and C viruses was high among HIV-infected children who were under HAART and did not know their hepatitis B and C infection status before. Being underweight was associated with both hepatitis viruses. Therefore, screening for hepatitis B and C viruses should be a routine measure for all HIV-infected children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus among highly active antiretroviral therapy experienced children in Gondar, Ethiopia

2022

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“…A high rate of morbidity has been reported in HBV/HIV co-infected individuals, while the progression of CHB to HCC is more rapid in genotype E HIV-positive individuals than in those with HBV alone[ 98 ]. In a study of Senegalese children, 47% who were HBV genotype E-HIV co-infected had elevated levels of drug resistance mutations (L180M, M204V/I, and S202N) to both HIV and HBV, significant levels of HBsAg escape mutations, HBV DNA persistence and HIV virologic failure[ 99 ]. This suggests that the use of the Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate regimen in the management of HBV, HIV and HBV-HIV co-infection is ideal in the SSA setting.…”

Section: Hbv-hiv Co-infection and Occult Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype E: The neglected genotype of hepatitis B virus

Ingasia¹,

Kinge²,

Kramvis³

2021

WJH

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (sub)genotypes A1, D3 and E circulate in sub-Saharan Africa, the region with one of the highest incidences of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma globally. Although genotype E was identified more than 20 years ago, and is the most widespread genotype in Africa, it has not been extensively studied. The current knowledge status and gaps in its origin and evolution, natural history of infection, disease progression, response to antiviral therapy and vaccination are discussed. Genotype E is an African genotype, with unique molecular characteristics that is found mainly in Western and Central Africa and rarely outside Africa except in individuals of African descent. The low prevalence of this genotype in the African descendant populations in the New World, phylogeographic analyses, the low genetic diversity and evidence of remnants of genotype E in ancient HBV samples suggests the relatively recent re-introduction into the population. There is scarcity of information on the clinical and virological characteristics of genotype E-infected patients, disease progression and outcomes and efficacy of anti-HBV drugs. Individuals infected with genotype E have been characterised with high hepatitis B e antigen-positivity and high viral load with a lower end of treatment response to interferon-alpha. A minority of genotype E-infected participants have been included in studies in which treatment response was monitored. Of concern is that current guidelines do not consider patients infected with genotype E. Thus, there is an urgent need for further large-scale investigations into genotype E, the neglected genotype of HBV.

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“…The remaining 122 studies were considered for qualitative and quantitative synthesis, involving 7,814,996 participants. Among those 180 studies that did not meet our inclusion criteria, 73 did not study the prevalence of HIV among blood donors; 43 were systematic reviews 8 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ; 18 studies did not have relevant data 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ; five studies did not have their full text available 32 , 48 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ; 11 studies included population already positive for HIV 67 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ; nine studies included children 53 , 54 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in African blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Quintas,

Cuboia,

Cordeiro

et al. 2024

eBioMedicine

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Prevalence and molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-infected children in Senegal

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus among highly active antiretroviral therapy experienced children in Gondar, Ethiopia

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus among highly active antiretroviral therapy experienced children in Gondar, Ethiopia

Genotype E: The neglected genotype of hepatitis B virus

Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in African blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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