Prevalence and molecular characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) in a tertiary care hospital

Khanal, Laxmi Kant; Sah, Anil Kumar; Adhikari, Ram Prasad; Khadka, Shusila; Sapkota, Jyotshna; Kumar, Shiba

doi:10.3126/nmcj.v25i1.53373

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 Our study showed no significant difference in the prevalence of MSRA in males and female. This finding contrast with that of Khanal and Jha, who found the condition to be more prevalent in male than females 18 and also Hasanpour et al, who also found the occurrence of MSRA to be more prevalent in elderly men than women. 19 The S. aureus showed varying susceptibility and resistance to the two antimicrobials (Cefoxitin and Ampicillin) used in the study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Bed Surface Contacts And Bed Sheets Of Surgical Wards In A Secondary Healthcare Facility In Gombe, Nigeria

Adamu,

Waziri,

Abdullahi

et al. 2023

J J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become one of the most important human pathogens associated with hospital infections globally. It is responsible for a considerable number of infections but has received inadequate attention in our local communities. Objective: To determine the occurrence of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from bed contact surfaces and bed sheets in the male and female surgical wards of State Specialist Hospital Gombe, Nigeria. Results: A total of 100 samples were collected purposively for the study. Overall, 79/100 (79%) were positive for S. aureus, and out of these, 42/50(84%) were from the male surgical ward and 37/50 (74%) from the female surgical wards (χ2=1.5, p=0.22). The Male surgical ward bed contact surfaces had the highest S. aureus colonization (92%), and the least affected was the female surgical ward bed contact surfaces (72%), and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=3.388, p= 0.07). Out of the 79 samples that yielded S. aureus, 56(56%) were positive for MSRA while the remaining 23(23%) were MSSA. Comparing the two wards, we found that the rate of MRSA in the FSW (60%) was higher than that of the MSW (56%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.65, p=0.42). The antibiotic sensitivity of the S. aureus isolated from the bed sheet of the MSW was higher (78.3%) compared to those isolated from the bed sheets of the FSW (38.9%) with χ2=6.58 and p value=0.01. However, there was no significant difference in the antibiotic sensitivity to (cefoxitin and ampicillin) of S. aureus isolated from the bed surface contacts of the MSW and FSW. Conclusion: This study reports a high occurrence rate of both S. aureus and the MRSA variant among the two wards studied. Regular fumigation and disinfection may help control the transmission via contact surfaces. Staff training on hospital sanitation and occupational safety will serve as an additional effort to ensure patients and visitors safety.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Bed Surface Contacts And Bed Sheets Of Surgical Wards In A Secondary Healthcare Facility In Gombe, Nigeria

Adamu,

Waziri,

Abdullahi

et al. 2023

J J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Nasal colonizing vancomycin-resistant and intermediateStaphylococcus aureusamong admitted patients

Mengistu,

Alemayehu,

Mengesha

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundStaphylococcus aureuscolonizing the nasal cavity is a potential source of infections. Vancomycin is a mainstay for treating invasive infections caused by penicillin and methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA). Some reports indicate the emergence of vancomycin-resistantS. aureus(VRSA) making it a high-priority pathogen that needs attention. There is a limited report on the epidemiology of VRSA and vancomycin-intermediateS. aureus(VISA) from the Sidama regional state.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine VRSA and VISA amongS. aureuscolonizing patients admitted at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HUCSH), associated factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile.MethodsA hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2023. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Nasal swabs were collected from 378 admitted patients. Identification ofS. aureuswas made using standard bacteriological methods. VRSA was determined by the Epsilometer test (E-test). The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined according to the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Ap<0.05 was taken as a cut point to determine a statistically significant association.ResultsOut of the total 92S. aureusisolated 12 (13.04%), 27(29.3%), 15(16.3%) were VRSA, VISA, and MRSA respectively. The carriage rate of VRSA and VISA among admitted patients were 12(3.2%) with 95% CI: 1.7%−5.5% and 27(7.14%) with 95% CI: 4.8%−10.2% respectively. The overall nasal carriage rate ofS. aureusand MRSA was 92(24.3%) with 95% CI: 20.1%−29% and 15(3.97%) with 95% CI: 2.2%−6.5% respectively. Of the VRSA isolates, 11(91.7%) were susceptible to tigecycline. Forty (43.5%) ofS. aureuswere positive for inducible clindamycin resistance. Participants with a history of hospitalization at the intensive care unit were 37 times more likely to be colonized with VRSA (p=0.001). Participants who have domestic animals were 22 times more likely to be colonized with VRSA (p=0.021).ConclusionsThis study indicated a high proportion of VRSA and VISA amongS. aureusisolated from hospitalized patients in the study area. More than 80% of VRSA were susceptible to tigecycline. History of hospitalization at the intensive care unit and having domestic animals at home could increase the odds of VRSA colonization.

show abstract

Nasal carriage of methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

Pandey,

Ghimire,

Maharjan

et al. 2023

IMC Journal of Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction and Objectives: Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from healthcare workers is one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial infections globally. There is a significant burden of nosocomial MRSA infections in low and low-middle income countries (LMICs), including Nepal. The present study investigated the rate of nasal carriage of MRSA among the healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital, in Kathmandu, Nepal with emphasis on inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLSB) resistance. Material and method: The study was conducted at Star Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal, from September 2022 to November 2022. Healthcare workers (HCWs) working at the diffeerent departments of the hospital were enrolled. Nasal swabs from both anterior nares of HCWs were collected aseptically and cultured on Mannitol Salt agar. S. aureus was identified by Gram stain and standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus was performed by disc diffusion method. MRSA isolates were detected phenotypically by disc diffusion method using cefoxitin disc (30 µg), and inducible clindamycin resistance was detected phenotypically by the D-zone test. Results: Total 105 HCWs were enrolled in the study. Out of 105 HCWs, 14 (13.3%) were positive for S. aureus among which 6 (5.7%) were MRSA carriers. The nasal carriage of MRSA was highest among doctors (16.7%) and the HCWs of the post-operative department (14.3%). All the isolated MRSA were susceptible to chloramphenicol and vancomycin. Inducible MLSB resistance was detected in 33.3% MRSA while the rate was 21.4% in all isolated S. aureus. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that HCWs could be the potential source of nosocomial infection by methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistant S. aureus. Thus, preventive measures should be initiated to mitigate the risk of its spread and the test for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance should be incorporated into the routine antibiotic susceptibility testing in hospital settings. IMC J Med Sci. 2024; 18(1):005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.18.005 *Correspondence: Gaurab Pandey, Non-Communicable Disease Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, Teku, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal; E-mail: pandeygaurab67@gmail.com

show abstract

Prevalence and molecular characterization of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) in a tertiary care hospital

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Bed Surface Contacts And Bed Sheets Of Surgical Wards In A Secondary Healthcare Facility In Gombe, Nigeria

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Bed Surface Contacts And Bed Sheets Of Surgical Wards In A Secondary Healthcare Facility In Gombe, Nigeria

Nasal colonizing vancomycin-resistant and intermediateStaphylococcus aureusamong admitted patients

Nasal carriage of methicillin and inducible clindamycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About