Prevalence and mortality of heavy drinkers in a general medical hospital unit

Jarque-López, A.; González‐Reimers, Emilio; Rodríguez-Moreno, F.; Santolaria-Fernández, F.; López-Lirola, A.; Ros-Vilamajo, R.; Espinosa-Villarreal, J. G.; Martı́nez-Riera, Antonio

doi:10.1093/alcalc/36.4.335

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Heavy alcohol consumption has been shown to negatively impact life expectancy both directly and indirectly (Goldacre et al, 2004;Jarque-Lopez et al, 2001;McDonnell and Maynard, 1985;Ojesjo et al, 1998;Poldrugo et al, 1993;Rehm et al, 2006;Sher, 2005;Wojtyniak et al, 2005). Furthermore the CDC reported that in 2001, there were approximately 75,000 deaths attributable to either excessive or risky drinking in the United States, making alcohol the third leading actual cause of death (Centers for Disease Control, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Performance in Long‐Term Abstinent Elderly Alcoholics

Fein

McGillivray

2007

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

118

142

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Our data showed that elderly alcoholics that drank late into life, but with at least 6 months abstinence can exhibit normal cognitive functioning. Selective survivorship and selection bias probably play a part in these findings. Cognitively healthier alcoholics, with more brain reserve capacity, may be more likely to live into their 60s, 70s, or 80s of age with relatively intact cognition, and to volunteer for studies such as this. Our results do not imply that all elderly alcoholics with long-term abstinence will attain normal cognition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Performance in Long‐Term Abstinent Elderly Alcoholics

Fein

McGillivray

2007

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

118

142

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“…Although selection bias is almost unavoidable in clinical studies of samples of any age, it may be more of an issue in older samples. Heavy alcohol consumption has been shown to negatively affect life expectancy both directly and indirectly (Ojesjo et al 1998; Jarque-Lopez et al 2001; Regier et al 1990; Goldacre et al 2004; Sher 2005; Wojtyniak et al 2005; Rehm et al 2006). It is also possible that the alcoholics who survived into their sixties, seventies, and eighties and volunteer for demanding research studies are also physically healthier than those who do not.…”

Section: Review Of Clinical Studies In Our Laboratoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Alcohol Dependence

Fein

2015

Neuropsychol Rev

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We review our clinical studies of psychiatric comorbidity in short-term and long-term abstinent and in treatment naïve alcoholics (STAA, LTAA and TNA). TNA ypically have less severe alcoholism than treated abstinent samples and evidence less severe psychiatric disturbance. Lifetime psychiatric diagnoses are the norm for STAA and LTAA but not for TNA. Individuals with alcohol and drug use disorders show greater antisocial personality disturbance, but do not show differences in the mood or anxiety domains or in borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. The studies show that alcoholics can achieve and maintain abstinence in the face of ongoing mood, anxiety, or BPD problems. By contrast, for ASPD, LTAA essentially stop current antisocial behaviors in all seven domains of antisocial behaviors. We believe that ongoing antisocial behavior is not consistent with maintaining abstinence, and that LTAA modify their antisocial behavior despite continued elevated social deviance proneness and antisocial dispositionality. Abstinent individuals without lifetime psychiatric disorders and TNA show more (subdiagnostic threshold) psychiatric symptoms and abnormal psychological measures than nonalcoholic controls in the mood, anxiety, BPD, and antisocial domains. In summary, our studies show that although LTAA have achieved multi-year abstinence, they still report significant psychological distress compared to NAC. We believe this distress may negatively affect their quality of life. This suggests the importance of developing effective care models to address comorbid mental health problems in LTAA. We also show that antisocial personality disorder symptoms decline to the levels seen in normal controls, and that excluding individuals from research with a psychiatric diagnosis does not control for subdiagnostic psychiatric differences between alcoholics and controls.

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“…Women with AUD are shown to exhibit a later onset of AUD, and more quickly progress to serious AUD problems (Diehl et al., 2007). In comparison to men who are heavy drinkers, women who are heavy drinkers are prone to exhibit serious medical problems, such as liver cirrhosis (Rehm et al, 2010), and have higher mortality rates (Jacques-Lopez et al, 2001). Therefore, it is important for research to continue to progress in determining the forms of treatment that are most efficacious for women with AUD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial of behavioral couples therapy versus individually based treatment for women with alcohol dependence.

Schumm

O’Farrell

Kahler³

et al. 2014

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Objective: Multiple studies show that behavioral couples therapy (BCT) is more efficacious than individually-based therapy (IBT) for substance use and relationship outcomes among men with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The present study compared BCT with IBT for women with AUD. Method: Participants were women with AUD (N = 105) and their male partners without SUD. Participants were mostly White and in their forties. Women were randomized to equally intensive treatments consisting of either BCT plus 12-step-oriented IBT or IBT only. Primary outcomes included: Timeline Followback Interview percentage days abstinent (PDA) and Inventory of Drug Use Consequences measure of substance-related problems. Secondary outcomes included: Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), Relationship Happiness Scale (RHS), and Revised Conflict Tactics Scales measure of intimate partner violence (IPV). Outcome data were collected at baseline, post-treatment, and quarterly for 1-yr follow-up. Results: Compared to IBT only, BCT plus IBT had significantly better primary outcomes of higher PDA and fewer substance-related problems during the 1-yr follow-up period. Compared to IBT only, BCT had significantly higher male RHS during the 1-yr follow-up. Women with lower pretreatment DAS had significantly higher DAS following BCT versus IBT, and there was an increasing advantage for BCT on female DAS over the follow-up. IPV was significantly reduced from pretreatment to follow-up, with no differences between treatment conditions. Conclusion: Results showed that BCT for women with AUD was more efficacious than IBT in reducing substance use and substance-related problems and improving partner relationships.

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Prevalence and mortality of heavy drinkers in a general medical hospital unit

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Cognitive Performance in Long‐Term Abstinent Elderly Alcoholics

Cognitive Performance in Long‐Term Abstinent Elderly Alcoholics

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Alcohol Dependence

A randomized clinical trial of behavioral couples therapy versus individually based treatment for women with alcohol dependence.

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