Prevalence and multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Tan sheep (Ovis aries) in northwestern China

Peng, Jun-Jie; Zou, Yang; Li, Zhixin; Liang, Qin‐Li; Song, Huwei; Li, Tao-Shan; Ma, Yuanyuan; Zhu, Xing‐Quan; Zhou, Dong‐Hui

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102126

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The SSU rRNA , bg and tpi loci have frequently been used to detect G. duodenalis . In this study, G. duodenalis in fecal samples was detected by nested-PCR of the bg locus, and only 29.3% and 10.3% bg -positive samples were amplified based on the gdh and tpi loci, which were similar to previous studies [ 3 , 14 , 21 , 22 ]. The difference between the G. duodenalis infection rate in this study and that in other studies which used the bg locus may be partially attributed to the state of feces, age group, sample size, detection methods and climate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Giardia duodenalis in this study were detected by bg locus, and the total infection rate was 4.0%. In previous reports using the same method, there was a higher G. duodenalis infection rate in Tan sheep in northwestern China (10.95%) [ 22 ], cattle in Turkey (30.2%) [ 21 ], beef cattle in Scotland (10.1%) [ 3 ], Tibetan sheep (13.1%) and yaks (10.4%) in Qinghai province, China [ 14 ]. However, there was a similar infection rate in healthy adult domestic ruminants in central Iran (5.2%) [ 15 ], and sheep in Inner Mongolia, China (4.3%) [ 34 ], which were detected by the tpi locus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The same nomenclature system as in previous reports was used in naming G. duodenalis assemblage E subtypes at each genetic locus. Undesignated subtype sequences previously published and novel subtype sequences identified in this study were named accordingly as E36–E40 at the bg locus, E45–E52 at the gdh locus, and E32 at the tpi locus [ 6 , 7 , 22 ] (Table 3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Dong

Bian

et al. 2022

Parasite

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Giardia duodenalis is an important zoonotic parasite that causes economic losses to animal husbandry and threatens public health. In the present study, a total of 1466 fresh fecal samples were collected from sheep (n = 797), goats (n = 561) and beef cattle (n = 108) in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China. Giardia duodenalis was initially screened via nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the β-giardin (bg) gene, and bg-positive samples were subjected to PCR amplification targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. A total of 4.0% of samples (58/1466) were positive for G. duodenalis, with a prevalence of 3.4% in sheep, 3.7% in goats and 5.2% in beef cattle. Three G. duodenalis assemblages (A, B, and E) were identified, with E as the prevalent assemblage. Four and one novel assemblage E sequences were obtained for the gdh and tpi loci, respectively and four assemblage E multilocus genotypes (MLG) were obtained. This study demonstrates high genetic variations in G. duodenalis assemblage E, and provides baseline data for preventing and controlling G. duodenalis infection in livestock in Inner Mongolia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Dong

Bian

et al. 2022

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“…Giardia assemblage G sequences obtained in our study had 99.8–100% similarity to other sequences isolated from rats [ 42 , 43 ], which is not surprising since rats are considered the major hosts of that assemblage [ 44 ]. Among the nine sequences belonging to assemblage A, eight showed 100% identity to sequences classified as assemblage AI and isolated from sheep [ 45 ], cattle [ 46 ] and humans [ 47 ]. The other isolate belonging to assemblage A showed a 99.8% similarity with sequences classified as assemblage AII, previously isolated from other mammals [ 48 ] and, as observed with assemblage AI sequences, humans [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Waters and Urban Brown Rats as Potential Sources of Human-Infective Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Vienna, Austria

et al. 2021

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Cryptosporidium and Giardia are waterborne protozoa that cause intestinal infections in a wide range of warm-blooded animals. Human infections vary from asymptomatic to life-threatening in immunocompromised people, and can cause growth retardation in children. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence and diversity of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in urban surface water and in brown rats trapped in the center of Vienna, Austria, using molecular methods, and to subsequently identify their source and potential transmission pathways. Out of 15 water samples taken from a side arm of the River Danube, Cryptosporidium and Giardia (oo)cysts were detected in 60% and 73% of them, with concentrations ranging between 0.3–4 oocysts/L and 0.6–96 cysts/L, respectively. Cryptosporidium and Giardia were identified in 13 and 16 out of 50 rats, respectively. Eimeria, a parasite of high veterinary importance, was also identified in seven rats. Parasite co-ocurrence was detected in nine rats. Rat-associated genotypes did not match those found in water, but matched Giardia previously isolated from patients with diarrhea in Austria, bringing up a potential role of rats as sources or reservoirs of zoonotic pathogenic Giardia. Following a One Health approach, molecular typing across potential animal and environmental reservoirs and human cases gives an insight into environmental transmission pathways and therefore helps design efficient surveillance strategies and relevant outbreak responses.

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“…Assemblages A and B are further divided into three (AI, AII, and AIII) and two (BIII and BIV) sub-assemblages, respectively, that are genetically similar and closely associated with each other [17]. A recent study reported the presence of 34 subtypes within assemblage E based on the analysis of the beta-giardin (bg) gene [18]. In particular, assemblage E is characterized by a high degree of genetic variation [15,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the Republic of Korea

et al. 2023

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Giardia duodenalis is a protozoan parasite that infects humans, companion animals, livestock, and wildlife. Infections in cattle caused by this parasite are often asymptomatic, but such infections can cause diarrhea, reduced weight gain, and ill-thrift in young calves. Although G. duodenalis causes diarrhea in calves, only a few studies have been conducted on calves in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Here, we aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of G. duodenalis assemblages in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the ROK, identify the association between the occurrence of G. duodenalis and the age of calf, and perform molecular characterization of G. duodenalis. We collected 455 fecal samples from pre-weaned native Korean calves (≤60 days old) with diarrhea in four different regions. G. duodenalis was detected using nested PCR targeting the beta-giardin (bg) gene, and positive samples were further genotyped for the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. The overall prevalence of G. duodenalis in calves with diarrhea was 4.4% (20/455) based on the analysis of bg. The highest prevalence was observed in calves aged 11−30 days (7.5%; 95% confidence interval: 3.7%–11.3%), whereas the lowest prevalence was observed in neonatal calves. From the 20 samples that were positive for bg, 16, 5, and 6 sequences were obtained following genotyping of bg, gdh, and tpi, respectively. Sequencing analysis of the bg gene revealed the presence of assemblage E (n = 15) and sub-assemblage AⅠ (n = 1) in the samples. Moreover, we detected mixed infections with assemblages E and A in two calves for the first time. Among the sequences obtained herein, two new subtypes of assemblage E were detected in gdh and tpi sequences each. The results suggest that G. duodenalis is an infectious agent causing diarrhea in calves, and pre-weaned calves are at a higher risk of infection than neonatal calves. Multilocus genotyping should be performed to confirm the presence of potentially zoonotic genotypes. These results highlight the importance of cattle as a source of zoonotic transmission of G. duodenalis to humans.

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Prevalence and multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in Tan sheep (Ovis aries) in northwestern China

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Molecular characterizations of Giardia duodenalis based on multilocus genotyping in sheep, goats, and beef cattle in Southwest Inner Mongolia, China

Surface Waters and Urban Brown Rats as Potential Sources of Human-Infective Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Vienna, Austria

Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis in pre-weaned calves with diarrhea in the Republic of Korea

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