Prevalence and natural history of arachnoid cysts in adults

Al-Holou, Wajd N.; Terman, Samuel W.; Kilburg, Craig; Garton, Hugh; Muraszko, Karin M.; Maher, Cormac O.

doi:10.3171/2012.10.jns12548

Cited by 289 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…However, any type of intracranial disturbance, such as hydrocephalus, surgical trauma, or other injury, can interfere with the neurogenic inhibition of hypothalamic GnRH secretion. 3 Although the exact pathway remains unclear, compressive forces, global or focal ischemia, and impairments of neurotransmitter feedback loops are likely candidates. 1 Although mechanical compression is usually alleviated by operation, axonal injury may interrupt coordinated transsynaptic and glial-neural communication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term endocrine outcome of suprasellar arachnoid cysts

Lee

Jung

et al. 2017

PED

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OBJECTIVEDue to their distinct location, suprasellar arachnoid cysts are known to cause a wide variety of problems, such as hydrocephalus, endocrine symptoms, and visual abnormalities. The long-term outcome of these cysts has not been elucidated. To find out the long-term outcome of suprasellar arachnoid cysts, a retrospective review of the patients was performed. The neurological and endocrine symptoms were thoroughly reviewed.METHODSForty-five patients with suprasellar arachnoid cysts, with an average follow-up duration of 9.7 years, were enrolled in the study. A comprehensive review was performed of the results of follow-up regarding not only neurological symptoms but also endocrine status. The outcomes of 8 patients who did not undergo operations and were asymptomatic or had symptoms unrelated to the cyst were included in the series.RESULTSSurgery was most effective for the symptoms related to hydrocephalus (improvement in 32 of 32), but endocrine symptoms persisted after surgery (4 of 4) and required further medical management. More surprisingly, a fairly large number of patients (14 of 40; 1 was excluded because no pre- or postoperative endocrine evaluation was available) who had not shown endocrine symptoms at the time of the initial diagnosis and treatment later developed endocrine abnormalities such as precocious puberty and growth hormone deficiency. The patients with endocrine symptoms detected during the follow-up included those in both the operated (n = 12 of 32) and nonoperated (n = 2 of 8) groups who had been stable during follow-up since the initial diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSThis study implies that patients with suprasellar arachnoid cysts can develop late endocrine problems during follow-up, even if other symptoms related to the cyst have been successfully treated. Hence, patients with these cysts need long-term follow-up for not only neurological symptoms but also endocrine abnormalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term endocrine outcome of suprasellar arachnoid cysts

Lee

Jung

et al. 2017

PED

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“…Asymptomatic arachnoid cysts can be followed conservatively, but they should be treated surgically whenever these cysts cause progressive symptoms and new symptoms and signs, such as epileptic seizure, ataxia or hydrocephalus due to pressure effects [1,[6][7][8][9]. Moreover, asymptomatic cysts can be followed.up at between 6 and 12 months intervals with computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain [1, 6 ,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptomatic Fourth Ventricle Arachnoid Cyst Extending to the Upper Border of the Dens of the Axis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Gülşen

2014

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Arachnoid cysts are congenital and non-tumorous intra-arachnoid fluid accumulations that make up about 1% of all intracranial space. occupying lesions. We report a patient with a fourth ventricle arachnoid cyst extending to the upper border of the dens of the axis. This patient progressively developed walking difficulty and stiffness in his legs together with difficulty in grasping objects with his hands within one year. The cyst was totally excised and the patient's symptoms improved in the early postoperative period, but he developed intraventricular and intracisternal air which was followed-up conservatively and resolved spontaneously

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“…Most recent large studies have estimated arachnoid cyst prevalence on imaging at ∼2%. [76][77][78][79] The prevalence of arachnoid cysts does not change significantly with advancing age. Boys are nearly twice as likely to harbor arachnoid cysts as girls.…”

Section: Arachnoid Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…77,[80][81][82][83] Most arachnoid cysts are found in the anterior middle fossa and retrocerebellar locations. 76,77,[80][81][82][83] Middle fossa arachnoid cysts have a left-sided predominance. 76,77,79,80,83 Arachnoid cysts may be very large or very small, but size does not correlate precisely with symptoms or the need for treatment.…”

Section: Arachnoid Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…81,86 Although arachnoid cysts may occasionally enlarge or decrease in size, most do not change substantially over time. 76,77 Although most arachnoid cysts should not be treated, there are certain clear exceptions that will benefit from treatment. Cysts should be treated in most cases if they are causing clear and specific neurologic symptoms.…”

Section: Arachnoid Cystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidental Findings on Brain and Spine Imaging in Children

Maher¹,

Piatt²,

Ragheb³

et al. 2015

Pediatrics

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In recent years, the utilization of diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine in children has increased dramatically, leading to a corresponding increase in the detection of incidental findings of the central nervous system. Patients with unexpected findings on imaging are often referred for subspecialty evaluation. Even with rational use of diagnostic imaging and subspecialty consultation, the diagnostic process will always generate unexpected findings that must be explained and managed. Familiarity with the most common findings that are discovered incidentally on diagnostic imaging of the brain and spine will assist the pediatrician in providing counseling to families and in making recommendations in conjunction with a neurosurgeon, when needed, regarding additional treatments and prognosis.

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Prevalence and natural history of arachnoid cysts in adults

Abstract: Arachnoid cysts are a common incidental finding on intracranial imaging in all age groups. Although arachnoid cysts are symptomatic in a small number of patients, they are associated with a benign natural history for those presenting without symptoms.

Cited by 289 publications

References 109 publications

Long-term endocrine outcome of suprasellar arachnoid cysts

Long-term endocrine outcome of suprasellar arachnoid cysts

Symptomatic Fourth Ventricle Arachnoid Cyst Extending to the Upper Border of the Dens of the Axis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Incidental Findings on Brain and Spine Imaging in Children

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