Prevalence and outcomes of sudden cardiac arrest in a university hospital in the Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background:Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a major cause of mortality, yet its epidemiological and outcome data in hospitals from Saudi Arabia are limited.Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of SCA in a teaching hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Methods:This retrospective study included all patients aged ≥18 years with SCA who were resuscitated at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between January 1 and December 31, 2016. Data were retrieved from the hospital medical records as flow sheets designed in accordance with the Utstein-style recommendations. Factors relating to mortality were analyzed using descriptive analyses and chi-square test.Results:A total of 429 cases of SCA met the inclusion criteria, and its prevalence was 7.76 cases/1000 adult hospital admission. Of these, 61.3% were male, and the mean age was 58.4 years, with 36.6% aged >65 years. Only 3.5% were outside-hospital cardiac arrests. The most common initial rhythm was pulseless electrical activity/asystole (93.2%), while ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation was documented in only 29 cases (6.8%). The overall rate of return to spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was 56.2%, and 56.8% in cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). Patients with SCA due to sepsis had significantly increased mortality (P < 0.000; odds ratio [OR] = 0.24 [0.12–0.47 95% confidence interval [CI]]), while those with SCA due to respiratory causes had significantly better survival outcomes (P = 0.001; OR = 2.3 [1.5–3.8 95% CI]). No significant differences in outcomes were found between other risk factors, including cardiac causes.Conclusion:In this population, the prevalence of SCA in adults was higher than reported in many similar studies. Further, sepsis was found to affect the survival rate. Although the rate of ROSC for IHCA patients was favorable compared with other studies, it is relatively poor. This finding signifies the need to identify and control risk factors for SCA to improve survival.

The Outcomes of In-hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

“…Given the recurrence cases, annual cardiac arrest cases in adults and children are 357900 and 19900 cases respectively in the United States of America (USA) annually (2). Similar studies using Utstein's standards have shown notable changes in occurrence rate of IHCA, so that it is 3.25 out each 1000 cases in the east of Asia (3), There are no exact statistics available in Iran, this index has been reported above some international levels in some Asian countries such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia (4,5).…”

Evaluation of Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes Towards Basic Life Support Among Non-Medical Students at Two Academic Institutions in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

“… 19 In Saudi Arabia, out of 429 cases of OHCA, the rates of sudden cardiac arrest were only 3.5% between January and December in 2016 at University Hospital, Western Region, Saudi Arabia. 6 A study obligated at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, between 1989 and 1995, showed survival rates of OHCA to hospital discharge was 5.1% for adults and 7.4% for children. 20 Furthermore, mortality rates of OHCA reached 95.8% with low rates of performing CPR by bystanders, according to a study published in 2015, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.…”

“… 5 In Saudi Arabia, a prevalence of sudden cardiac arrests (SCAs) number was 7.76 out of 1000 hospital admissions at King Abdulaziz University hospital in 2016. 6 We have no available data for OHCAs in Jeddah.…”

Perspektif Kesehatan Matra dalam Manajemen Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Jemaah Haji: Tinjauan Literatur

“…Penyakit jantung merupakan penyebab utama kematian di dunia, termasuk pada jemaah haji dari Indonesia (Naim et al, 2021). Alzahrani et al (2019) menyebutkan bahwa kasus henti jantung pada usia dewasa sebanyak 7,76 kasus per 1000 orang dewasa di King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Arab Saudi yang merupakan temuan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan studi lain. Shirah et al (2019) mengungkapkan dalam penelitiannya bahwa seluruh jemaah haji yang mengalami henti jantung di luar rumah sakit dan diberikan RJP, tidak ada satupun yang menunjukkan peningkatan kesadaran secara langsung setelah diberi RJP.…”