Prevalence and Pattern of Adult Myopia Progression in a General Optometric Practice Population

Goss, David A.; Erickson, Paul; Cox, V. Dale

doi:10.1097/00006324-198507000-00006

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is interesting to note that these ages are close to the ages at which the adolescent growth spurt stops. Continued progression of myopia into early adulthood, generally at much slower rates, is sometimes observed [16,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Natural History Of Juvenile Onset Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal-image mediated ocular growth as a mechanism for juvenile onset myopia and for emmetropization

Goss

Wickham

1995

Doc Ophthalmol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The very common ocular clinical ocular condition in children juvenile onset myopia results from axial elongation of the eye. In humans, some studies have found an association of myopia with greater levels of nearpoint activity and with differences in accommodation and convergence function. This paper reviews a variety of laboratory and clinical studies which are consistent with the hypothesis that retinal image defocus is biochemically transformed into an axial elongation expressed through increased posterior segment growth, and thus myopia. This paper also reviews theories of emmetropization, and classifies them as correlational, feedback, and combination. Evidence is presented to suggest that a combination theory, which combines both correlation of the ocular dioptric components and some feedback mechanism for growth of the eye, is the most correct. Current laboratory research suggests that quality and/or focus (defocus) of retinal imagery is involved in this feedback mechanism and that experimentally induced myopia might be enhanced, reduced or eliminated by pharmaceutical application. Direction of defocus may affect the rate of posterior segment growth, and thus the rate of ocular axial elongation.

show abstract

Section: Natural History Of Juvenile Onset Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal-image mediated ocular growth as a mechanism for juvenile onset myopia and for emmetropization

Goss

Wickham

1995

Doc Ophthalmol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…, 2003, 2004; Mutti et al. , 2005), and on the change in the ocular components during the onset and progression of myopia in adolescents (Gardiner, 1962; Goss and Winkler, 1983; Goss et al. , 1985, 1997; Adams, 1987; Goss and Erickson, 1987; McBrien and Millodot, 1987; Erickson, 1991; Bullimore et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biometric investigation of ocular components in amblyopia

Cass

Tromans

2008

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to investigate the ocular parameters and their contribution to total axial length, and any inter-ocular differences when compared to the fellow non-amblyopic eye, in a population of paediatric amblyopes. Inter-ocular differences in visual acuity, refractive error, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and their contribution to total axial length were analysed in four populations: adult controls (n=26), paediatric controls (n=24), paediatric strabismic amblyopes (n=18) and paediatric anisometropic amblyopes (n=27). In the two control groups, there were small inter-ocular differences between the components, none of which were statistically or clinically significant. Anisometropic amblyopic eyes were found to have statistically and clinically significant differences in refractive error, crystalline lens power, vitreous chamber depth and total axial length when compared to the fellow eye. Anterior and vitreous chamber depths, when expressed as a percentage of the anterior and vitreous chambers in the non-amblyopic fellow eye, were approximately 95% of the size. When parameters were normalised by expressing as a percentage of total axial length, the contribution of the anterior chamber, crystalline lens and vitreous chamber to total axial length in both eyes were comparable, suggesting that all components of the anisometropic amblyopic eye are proportionately reduced in size. The strabismic amblyopic eyes were in the main isometropic. There were however statistically significant differences in anterior chamber depth, crystalline lens power, vitreous chamber depth and total axial length, but not in crystalline lens thickness. When the components were expressed as a percentage of the component in the non-amblyopic fellow eye, the anterior and vitreous chambers were approximately 90% of the size of the fellow non-amblyopic eye and made a significantly smaller contribution to total axial length when normalised. Crystalline lens thickness contributed significantly more to the total axial length in a strabismic eye. This suggests that, unlike control eyes or anisometropic amblyopic eyes, the strabismic eye is physically, though not proportionately, reduced in size.

show abstract

“…Several studies have found that 10-20% of low hyperopes and emmetropes who enter college/military academies are likely to become myopic by the age of 25 [2]. Conversely, Goss et al [5] found that less than 3% of myopic patients from a general practice population could be classified as late-onset myopes. Shotwell [6] found that the amount of adult myopic progression was proportional to the time that individuals spent reading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well established that ocular components attain adult values by the age of 13-15 years: corneal curvature changes very little after the age of 3 years [13], anterior chamber depth and lens thickness reach adult levels by the age of 15 years [13][14][15] and axial length ceases to increase after the age of 13 years [13,16,17]. Goldschmidt [18] speculated that late-onset myopia was most likely to be lenticular in origin while Goss et al [5] found that the progression of pre-existing myopia in adulthood was related in an increase in corneal curvature. More recently Adams [19] reported that axial elongation accounted for all of his own late-onset myopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state accommodation and ocular biometry in late-onset myopia

1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The steady-state accommodative responses of emmetropes and late-onset myopes was measured for an array of numbers located at -1, -3 and -5 dioptres using an objective infra-red optometer. Responses were compared for passive (reading numbers) and active (adding numbers) conditions. For the passive condition, the late-onset myopes showed a significantly lower accommodative response than the emmetropic group. No significant differences were found between the two groups for the active condition. Ocular biometric characteristics were also measured in emmetropes, late-onset myopes and early-onset myopes using keratometry and ultrasonography. No significant differences in corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and crystalline lens thickness were found between the groups. Late-onset myopes exhibited significantly deeper vitreous chambers than emmetropes, which more than accounted for the difference in refractive error between the two refractive groups. We conclude that, while significant differences exist in the accommodative responses of late-onset myopes and emmetropes, late-onset myopia is due predominantly to elongation of the vitreous chamber.

show abstract

Prevalence and Pattern of Adult Myopia Progression in a General Optometric Practice Population

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Retinal-image mediated ocular growth as a mechanism for juvenile onset myopia and for emmetropization

Retinal-image mediated ocular growth as a mechanism for juvenile onset myopia and for emmetropization

A biometric investigation of ocular components in amblyopia

Steady-state accommodation and ocular biometry in late-onset myopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About