Prevalence and Predictors of Cervical Cancer Screening among Reproductive Age Group Women: Evidence from Cross-Sectional Study in Rohtak and Delhi

Abstract

Background:The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and determine the factors for cervical cancer screening among women in the reproductive age group in Delhi and Rohtak, India. Methods: The data were utilized from a survey conducted as part of a larger study to increase the access to cervical cancer screening and care by MAMTA-Health Institute for Mother and Child in collaboration with the Health Departments of Palam, New Delhi, and Rohtak, Haryana between 2015 and 2017. Data pertaining to the socio-economic and demographic information along with the information related to cervical cancer screening were utilized for the present study. The sample size was 1020 women in reproductive age group. Descriptive statistics (percentage and frequency distribution), bivariate analysis along with multivariable analysis were done to represent the results. The Fisher exact test was used to test the level of significance during bivariate analysis. Results: About 35.2% [Delhi: 44.9% and Rohtak: 23.8%] of the respondents had heard about cervical cancer screening. Further about 3.9% [Delhi-2.9% and Haryana-5.1%] had screened for cervical cancer. Women who had heard about cervical cancer were five times more likely to go for screening [aOR: 5.27; CI: 2.53,10.96]. It was found that women over 30 years of age had 12.04 significantly higher odds of going for cervical cancer screening in reference to women aged 30 years and less [aOR: 12.04; CI: 3.01,53.20]. Women from households with a monthly income of more than 15000 had 2.98 significantly higher odds of going for cervical cancer screening in reference to women from households with an income of 5000 and less [aOR : 2.98; CI: 1.12,9.09]. Conclusion: Findings suggest that awareness about cervical cancer screening test along with its thorough knowledge about its benefits would be an effective intervention to increase the uptake of cervical cancer screening.

Prevalence and Predictive Factors of Cervical Cancer Screening in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Study

“…When compared to other countries, the cervical cancer screening rate in Saudi Arabia based on this study was found to be lower than the rates in Jamaica (40.7%) [ 35 ], China (63.7%) [ 36 ], Georgia (67%) [ 37 ], the United Kingdom (72%) [ 38 ], Brazil (73%) [ 37 ], Austria (80%) [ 37 ], and the United States (93%) [ 39 ]. However, the rate of cervical cancer screening among Saudi women in this study (22.1%) was higher when compared to Ethiopia (17.8%) [ 40 ], Nepal (15.7%) [ 41 ], Ghana (12%) [ 42 ], Uganda (4.8%) [ 43 ], India (3.9%) [ 44 ], and Cameroon (3.5%) [ 45 ]. Rates similar to those found in this study were found in Tanzania (21%) [ 46 ] and Turkey (21.9%) [ 47 ].…”

Demand-side barriers and economic burden in accessing Human Papillomavirus screening for cervical cancer prevention in rural India: Evidence from a cross-sectional study

“…This observation is in line with the research conducted by Srivatsa et al, which suggests that women hailing from households with a higher income are significantly more inclined to undergo cervical cancer screening compared to those from lower-income households. 20,21 Additional studies such as Kaneko, 2018, and Keetile et al, 2021 have similarly argued that disadvantaged households are often less informed and thus less likely to prioritize cervical cancer screening. 22,23 A notable finding underlines the influence of travel-related variables on overall expenses.…”

Distribution of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes among Women with Colposcopic Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Bangladesh

“…The prevalence of HPV infection has shown to vary by region, country and, within a country, by population sub-groups [13] [14] [15]. Type-specific distri-bution of HPV infection also varies by geographic region [16] [17] [18] [19] [20].…”