Prevalence and Predictors of Giardia in the United States

Zylberberg, Haley M.; Green, Peter H. R.; Turner, Kevin; Genta, Robert M.; Lebwohl, Benjamin

doi:10.1007/s10620-016-4447-0

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Various other pathological conditions mimicking coeliac disease may cause malabsorption syndrome [ 9 ]. In Giardiasis, the villous architecture is usually normal (96% of investigated patients) [ 5 ] , mainly affecting the lamina propria, in which lymphoid hyperplasia and increased numbers of chronic inflammatory cells and eosinophils are seen. Sometimes, Giardia lamblia can induce increase of duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes associated or not to crypt hyperplasia and different grades of villous atrophy [ 10 – 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that about 0.11% of patients of industrialized countries presented with overt Giardia duodenalis infection [ 5 ]. However, the same countries have shown a giardia seroprevalence up to 2%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning our case, it is known that giardiasis is one of the most common human protozoan infestations in industrialized countries [ 5 ] with selective intestinal tropism, particularly for the duodenum, where the histological damage could mimic that of CD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Improving basic skills in celiac-like disease diagnosis: a case report

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe diagnosis of Coeliac disease (CD) requires a combination of sign/symptoms, positivity of specific antibodies and duodenal histological evidence of villous atrophy. Duodenal villous atrophy, despite representing the CD landmark, is not specific since it is found in many gastrointestinal disorders. Giardiasis is one of the most common human intestinal protozoan infestations in industrialized countries whose histological duodenal mucosa damage could mimic that of CD. The present report shows how a wise clinical and laboratory assessment led us shortly to a correct diagnosis.Case presentationA 42-year-old outpatient woman without previous significant gastrointestinal diseases, was referred with dyspeptic symptoms, fatigue and mild diarrhea from 4 months. Her first investigations including immunoglobulin A (IgA) anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-tTG) and stool parasitological and cultural analysis were negative. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) showed no mucosal alteration. But histology demonstrated a Helicobacter Pylori (HP) pan-gastritis while duodenal mucosa showed villous atrophy consistent with a diagnosis of CD Marsh type 3b. While on gluten-free diet (GFD) the patient didn’t experience any improvement of symptoms. Duodenal biopsies were then reviewed showing the presence of trophozoites of Giardia on the luminal surface of the duodenal wall and at the same time, a second stool examination revealed the presence of trophozoites and cysts of Giardia. Treated with metronidazole, 500 mg twice daily for 6 days the patient reduced diarrhea after few days. After about 2 months of GFD she was invited to discontinue it. At the same time stool examination was repeated with negative results. She subsequently performed eradication for Hp with triple therapy (Pylera®). Around 6 months later, the patient did not complain any gastrointestinal symptoms. Serological tests were normal and at a follow-up EGDS, duodenal mucosa had normal histology with normal finger-like villi and absence of Giardia trophozoites.ConclusionThis case report shows how CD diagnosis can sometimes be manifold. Intestinal villous atrophy alone may not automatically establish a diagnosis of CD. In the present case the clinical scenario could be fully explained by giardiasis. Indeed, different diagnostic tools and a multi-step approaches have been used to determine the final correct diagnosis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improving basic skills in celiac-like disease diagnosis: a case report

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…is a well-known agent of one of the most extensively spread intestinal infections in temperate, tropical and subtropical zones. It has been assessed that it causes annually 280 million of diarrhoeal diseases throughout the world [58] [13,24]. In some European countries the prevalence of giardiasis in dog breeding centres reached 100 %.…”

Section: Occurrence Of G Duodenalis In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Assemblages of Giardia Duodenalis in Dogs: A Systematic Review in Europe

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Giardiasis is one of the most frequent causes of diarrhoeic diseases in the world. Giardia cysts are most commonly transferred via ingestion of contaminated water or food. On the basis of genetic characteristics Giardia duodenalis is classified in eight assemblages A—H. Zoonotic assemblages A and B are increasingly found in isolates from dogs which may constitute the reservoir of human giardiasis. This article presents a brief review of G. duodenalis assemblages detected in dogs that were documented in European countries.

show abstract

“…The intestinal effect of the giardia parasite has probably related to several pathophysiological mechanisms. Increased apoptosis of the intestinal surface epithelium, shortening of cell cycle and disaccharides enzyme deficiency of enterocytes are few mechanisms in terms of giardial intestinal infection (Zylberberg HM et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of duodenal giardia using giemsa stain

Hashim

2019

ijrps

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objectives of this study are to evaluate the benefit of using Giemsa staining in endoscopic duodenal biopsies if it provides an appropriate tool to diagnose giardia parasite more accurate than the usual hematoxylin-eosin stain. Method: a retrospective study including fifty patients have been nominated with upper abdominal pain, attended gastrointestinal tract(GIT) consultation unit in medical City of Imam Al-Hussein-Karbala/ Iraq complaining from upper abdominal discomfort. They have been examined by esophagio- gastro duodenoscopy. All duodenal biopsies have also been collected from pathology excluding all celiac disease cases. All biopsies have paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin looking for Giardia; in the following, the slides are stained with Giemsa stain following the manufacture-instruction. Results: 50patients (27 females and 23 males) have been examined depending on the hematoxylin and eosin staining, respectively, the diagnosis is non-specific chronic duodenitis with low MARSH score. Eleven patients from total fifty-two ones (21.15%) have shown positive symptoms for giardia cyst and trophozoite using the Giemsa stain. Conclusion: Giardia infection is difficult to be diagnosed with hematoxylin-eosin stain, especially with low infection. Consequently, Giemsa stain might be used to increase the efficacy of histopathological diagnosis of the parasite.

show abstract

Prevalence and Predictors of Giardia in the United States

Abstract: To our knowledge, this is the largest study to date to assess predictors of giardiasis in the US. We found that male sex, being colonized with H. pylori, and residing in the Southern US are independently associated with giardiasis infection.

Cited by 27 publications

References 34 publications

Improving basic skills in celiac-like disease diagnosis: a case report

Improving basic skills in celiac-like disease diagnosis: a case report

The Prevalence and Assemblages of Giardia Duodenalis in Dogs: A Systematic Review in Europe

Detection of duodenal giardia using giemsa stain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About