Prevalence and Predictors of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Abstract

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), as well as the predictors for glucose abnormalities in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Material and methods: A cross-sectional study with 80 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed PCOS who underwent the standard 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the measurement of sex steroid hormone and lipid profile. Results: According to the results from the OGTT, 63% had a normal test (NT), 23% had IGT, and 9% had DMT2. The NT group was younger with lower BMI than IGT and DMT2 groups (25.1 ± 7.3, 31.5 ± 6.5, 37.4 ± 4.0 years, and 29.1 ± 8.3 kg/m2, 31.7 ± 4.6 kg/m2, and 34.5 ± 5.6 kg/m2, respectively). The testosterone levels were highest in the group with a normal test (2.7 ± 0.8 nmol/l) and lowest in the DMT2 group (1.9 ± 0.8 nmol/L), with statistical significance. The sex hormone bounding globulin (SHBG) levels were low in all three groups, with statistically significant differences between NG and IGT, and the NT and DMT2 groups. The multivariate linear regression model identified age, BMI, SHBG and testosterone as major independent predictors for abnormal glucose metabolism. Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of IGT and DMT2 among PCOS women in our country is not as high as in Western countries. Age, BMI, and SHBG increase the risk for the development of IGT and DMT2. Thus, close monitoring of older, obese women with low SHBG is needed because of the higher risk for the development of IGT and DMT2 in such patients.

Association between HbA1c Levels and Fetal Macrosomia and Large for Gestational Age Babies in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 17,711 Women

“…Eight studies were described as retrospective, three as prospective and the remaining studies were described as observational studies. Studies were conducted in different countries, i.e., four studies were from China [24][25][26][27], three studies from Italy [28][29][30], two studies each from Saudi Arabia [31,32], Australia [19,20], USA [21,33], and Spain [17,34], and one study each from Brazil [35], Turkey [36], Romania [37], Switzerland [38], Singapore [22], Chile [18], Denmark [23] and North Macedonia [39]. All of the studies measured HbA1c around 24-28 weeks of pregnancy and took place in a hospital setting.…”

Polycystic ovary syndrome: the competence of a family doctor

“…При зверненні жінки, яка має захворювання ендокринологічного профілю, зокрема ЦД та/або дефіцит ферментів надниркових залоз, необхідно більш детально зібрати анамнез щодо можливого супутнього СПКЯ. Приблизно 10% жінок із СПКЯ мають ЦД-2, а 30-40% осіб із СПКЯ -порушення толерантності до глюкози у віці до 40 років [5,6]. Багато жінок із СПКЯ мають синдром обструктивного апное сну, який є незалежним чинником ризику серцево-судинних захворювань [7].…”

“…Жінки з СПКЯ мають високий ризик розвитку порушень вуглеводного обміну, а саме предіабету з подальшим розвитком ЦД-2, тому повинні проходити скринінгові обстеження на рівень глюкози натще, глікованого гемоглобіну та/або глюкозотолерантний тест. Також пацієнткам із СПКЯ разом зі скринінговими лабораторними дослідженнями може бути рекомендовано проходження опитувальників щодо ризиків розвитку ЦД-2 надалі [6].…”

Evaluation of the lipid profile level in patients with hypothyroidism

“…Iodine deficiency disorders encompass Varity of adverse effectiveness, including impaired growth and development, reduced fertility, and increased risk of newborn mortality (5). Thyroid hormones significantly affect lipids' synthesis, mobilization, and metabolism (6,7).…”