Prevalence and predictors of undernutrition among infants aged six and twelve months in Butajira, Ethiopia: The P-MaMiE Birth Cohort

Abstract

BackgroundChild undernutrition is a major public health problem in low income countries. Prospective studies of predictors of infant growth in rural low-income country settings are relatively scarce but vital to guide intervention efforts.MethodsA population-based sample of 1065 women in the third trimester of pregnancy was recruited from the demographic surveillance site (DSS) in Butajira, south-central Ethiopia, and followed up until the infants were one year of age. After standardising infant weight and length using the 2006 WHO child growth standard, a cut-off of two standard deviations below the mean defined the prevalence of stunting (length-for-age <-2), underweight (weight-for-age <-2) and wasting (weight-for-length <-2).ResultsThe prevalence of infant undernutrition was high at 6 months (21.7% underweight, 26.7% stunted and 16.7% wasted) and at 12 months of age (21.2% underweight, 48.1% stunted, and 8.4% wasted). Significant and consistent predictors of infant undernutrition in both logistic and linear multiple regression models were male gender, low birth weight, poor maternal nutritional status, poor household sanitary facilities and living in a rural residence. Compared to girls, boys had twice the odds of being underweight (OR = 2.00; 95%CI: 1.39, 2.86) at 6 months, and being stunted at 6 months (OR = 2.38, 95%CI: 1.69, 3.33) and at 12 months of age (OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.59, 2.89). Infant undernutrition at 6 and 12 months of age was not associated with infant feeding practices in the first two months of life.ConclusionThere was a high prevalence of undernutrition in the first year of infancy in this rural Ethiopia population, with significant gender imbalance. Our prospective study highlighted the importance of prenatal maternal nutritional status and household sanitary facilities as potential targets for intervention.

A study on undernutrition and its socioeconomic correlates among toddlers in a rural area of Uttarakhand, India

“…Our findings are in corroboration with those of Medhin G et al at Ethopia. 11 Further in our study, underweight children were significantly associated with low socioeconomic status. Similar findings were stated by Nnyepi MS at Botswana where children from low income neighborhoods were the least likely to have adequate weight-for-age compared to neighborhoods with predominately middle to upper income households.…”

Riwayat KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta

“…Dengan demikian ibu yang anemia saat hamil berpengaruh terhadap berat badan bayi. Faktor lain yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi termasuk panjang badan bayi setelah bayi lahir adalah keturunan, kondisi lingkungan, penyakit infeksi, dan usia pengenalan MP-ASI terlalu dini (11,14,15). Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa riwayat penyakit kehamilan termasuk anemia merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting (16,17).…”

“…Penelitian ini didukung penelitian di Butajira, Ethiopia (14). Penelitian berbeda yang dilakukan di Yogyakarta, menyatakan ada hubungan antara kekurangan energi kronis saat hamil dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-24 bulan (18).…”

“…Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi ibu saat hamil dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] …”

Comparative Study on Nutritional Status of under Five Children with Employment Status of Mothers in Adama Town, Central Ethiopia

“…As of many developing countries malnutrition is one of the most important health and welfare problems among infants and young children in Ethiopia studies showed that is a result of both inadequate food intake and illness. Inadequate food intake is a consequence of insufficient food available at the household level, or improper feeding practices, or both [2,3].…”