Prevalence and Resis Tance Pattern of Acinetobacter Species in Hospitalized Patient S in a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter species are one of the most frequent nosocomial pathogen causing bacteremia, urinary tract infection, secondary meningitis, skin and soft tissue infections and in particular nosocomial pneumonia with high mortality rate. The infections due to these are often difficult to treat due to their high antibiotic resistance. AIMS: To Study the prevalence and resistance pattern of Acinetobacter species in hospitalized patients of Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital (ELMCH), Lucknow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total number of 1850 samples were taken from patients admitted in wards of different Departments of ELMCH from Sep 2012 to Sep 2013. Identification of isolates was done by colony characteristics and biochemical reactions. The resistance patterns of these isolates were studied using various antibiotics by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test as per CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute) guidelines. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 46 isolates were identified as Acinetobacter species. High level of resistance was observed for most of the antibiotics tested. More than 80% of isolates were resistant to amikacin, gentamycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. 30.43% of isolates were resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactum and resistance to imipenem and colistin was 23.91% and 19.56% respectively. Acinetobacter species has become a worldwide concern as a cause of serious nosocomial infections. The emergence of increasingly resistant strains causing such infections has become a public health problem. Their early detection is necessary for timely implementation of strict infection control practices and judicious treatment with susceptible antimicrobials.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of acinetobacter isolates from patients in Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya

“…The highest number of isolates were recovered from tracheal aspirates, pus and urine samples, consistent with results from studies in several hospitals in India [17, 22] and Morocco [9]. These results were in contrast with those reported in two separate studies done in India [23, 24] which showed highest number of isolates were from tracheal aspirate followed by blood and pus respectively. The rate of isolation from different clinical samples is mostly influenced by the differences in the sample types, antibiotic usage, previous history of specific site colonization, infection control practices and a times the type of health facility.…”

Molecular Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated From Nosocomial Infections of a Teaching Hospital in Isfahan, Iran

“…In the present study, the highest number of isolates was obtained from ICU; A. baumannii was mostly found in trachea samples. Almost similar results were observed in a study by Sana Islahi in India (23). Most of the strains were highly resistant to the antibiotics.…”

Molecular analysis of multi –drug resistant acintobacter baumannii isolated in baghdad hospital

“…The clinical impact of the Acinetobacter was increasing morbidity or mortality, and their infections are responsible for the rise inpatient mortality that happens in critically unwell patients, it's thought-about as a low virulence organism except when isolated in critically ill or immunocompromised patients. These organisms are most frequently related to nosocomially instead of community-acquired infections, which agrees with a previous study (Jain and Danziger, 2004) (Doughari et al, 2010) (Islahi et al, 2014). A. baumannii's ability to develop multi-drug resistance and trigger harsh environmental conditions make Acinetobacter infection very serious, especially in individuals who have recently undergone surgery or have diseases, malignant burns or immunocompromised patients such as the elderly and newborns.…”