Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated With Sars-cov-2 Infection in Healthcare Personnel of the Spanish Central Military Hospital. Results of a Case-control Study

Abstract

Background. Spain is the country with the highest number of health care workers affected by COVID-19 disease in the world. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of SARS-COV-2 infection in HCW at the Gómez Ulla Military Hospital. Methods. A case-control study was conducted during the first outbreak of COVID 19 at GUMH. The study was extended to the total number of HCW in the hospital who met the inclusion criteria. HCW of the GUMH were civilian and military personnel that included Nursing and Medicine students of Spanish Military Academy, Medicine specialty residents and Nursing residents of Medical Surgical Specialty in Operations (EMQO). An ad hoc questionnaire of 33 items was made up. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the entire population of study. With this questionnaire personnel were classified into sick (cases) or healthy (controls). Results and Conclusions. 150 professionals answered the questionnaire. Cases were defined as those who tested positive in the diagnostic tests (n=28, 20.7 %) and controls were those who tested negative (n=107, 79.3 %). Therefore, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the GUMH was 20.7 %. Of the total number of cases, 64.3 % were men (p<0.05), with a mean age of 47.1 (SD 13.3), with a mean BMI of 25.3 (SD 3.8), 48.2 % were overweighted. Of the total cases, 59.3 % had A blood group type and 69.2 % were Rh positive. 50 % were physicians, 32.1 % were nurses and 17.9 % were auxiliary nurses (p<0.05). Cases and controls with vitamin D deficiency and who took supplements had a lower risk of suffering COVID-19, with significant differences. Fever, cough and diarrhea were found in at least 50% of the sample with significant differences.