Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infections among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Single-Centre Study in Somalia

Abstract

Introduction. Hemodialysis patients have the highest risk for developing hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) than the general population. There is no study available for HBV and HCV in this population in Somalia. The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV and HCV infections among hemodialysis patients in Somalia. Methods. A cross-sectional assessment of hemodialysis patients from January 2021 to June 2021 was used in this study. 220 patients were included in this study. Age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, number of hemodialysis sessions per week, history of blood transfusion, HbsAg, and anti-HCV antibodies were examined. Results. Out of the 220 patients, males were predominant (113 (51.4%)). The mean age of the participants was 52.70. The prevalence of HBV was 7.3% (16 respondents), while the prevalence of HCV was 3.2% (7 respondents). 1 respondent (0.5%) had both HBV and HCV. There is a positive correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and the prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.298, p value <0.001), blood transfusion and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.347, p value <0.001), and the number of hemodialysis sessions per week and prevalence of HBV and HCV (r(218) = 0.402, p value <0.001). The regression model of the combined predictors of history of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of dialysis sessions per week is R2 = 0.25, which indicates a 25% variance in the prevalence of HBV and HCV with a significance of F (3,216) = 23.67, p < 0 .001 . Conclusions. The prevalence of HBV and HCV among hemodialysis patients in this study was 7.3% and 3.2%, respectively. 0.5% of the respondents had both HBV and HCV. History of blood transfusion, duration of hemodialysis, and number of hemodialysis sessions per week appear to have a strong correlation with the prevalence of HBV and HCV.

Prevalence and Determinants of Hypothyroidism in Patients on Routine Hemodialysis in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…This cross-sectional study was conducted in the dialysis unit of Mogadishu Somalia Turkish Training and Research Hospital, the largest referral and teaching hospital in Somalia (9). The dialysis unit is one of the largest units in Somalia with a capacity of 360 dialysis patients monthly.…”

Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistant Non-Fermentative Gram Negative Bacilli in Patients with Hospital Acquired Pneumonia: An Alarming Report from Somalia

“…The hospital is the largest tertiary care hospital in Somalia. 9 The ethical approval was obtained from the ethical committee board of the Mogadishu Somali Turkish Training and Research Hospital (Approval No, MSTH-7070). The privacy of the patients' personal information was maintained throughout the study as per the Helsinki Declarations.…”

Faktor Risiko Infeksi Hepatitis C pada Penyakit Ginjal Kronis

“…Untuk buku yang dilakukan review dipakai buku Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialisis and Transplantation (4th ed) oleh Cobo et al, 2019. 5 Untuk 10 jurnal yang dipakai, yaitu penelitian Hussain et al, 2019, 6 Sette et al, 2019, 7 Chute et al, 2017, 8 Jeele et al, 2021, 9 Hussain et al, 2020, 10 Rani et al, 2018, 11 Jadoul et al, 2019, 12 Fabrizi dan Messa, 2018, 13 Chan et al, 2019, 14 dan El-Moselhy et al, 2015. 15…”

“…Dari 159 pasien negatif VHC, 95 (59,74%) di antaranya menjadi seropositif untuk VHC. Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian-penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Jeele et al 9 yang melaporkan jumlah prevalensi VHC sebesar 3,2% dari 220 pasien; Hussain et al 10 yang mendapatkan prevalensi infeksi VHC sebesar 39,22% dari 153 pasien; Rani et al 11 yang mendapatkan kasus positif VHC selama hemodialisis sebesar 6,57% dari 380 kasus; Jadoul et al 12 yang melaporkan prevalensi hepatitis C dalam DOPPS (Dialysis Outcome and Practice Pattern Study) pada tahun 2012-2015 sebesar 9,9%; El-Moselhy et al 15 yang mendapatkan prevalensi VHC-overt sebesar 34% dari total 100 sampel pasien dengan PGK, dengan infeksi occult ssbanyak 27,3%; dan tinjauan pustaka oleh Fabrizi dan Messa. 13 Berdasarkan literaturliteratur tersebut transmisi VHC melalui hemodialisis sering terjadi meski telah dilakukan berbagai upaya pencegahan, antara lain upaya desinfektan mesin setiap kali pemakaian dan penggunaan mesin yang terpisah antara pasien satu dengan lainnya, namun transmisi VHC tetap terjadi.…”