Prevalence and risk factors associated with non-traffic related injury in the older population in Ghana: Wave 2 of the WHO Study on Global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)

Background and aims Hypertension is a major public health issue, an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and stroke, especially in developing countries where the rates remain unacceptably high. In Africa, hypertension is the leading driver of cardiovascular disease and stroke deaths. Identification of critical risk factors of hypertension can help formulate targeted public health programs and policies aimed at reducing the prevalence and its associated morbidity, disability, and mortality. This study attempts to develop multilevel regression, an in‐depth statistical model to identify critical risk factors of hypertension. Methods This study used data on 4667 individuals aged ≥18 years from the nationally representative World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Ghana Wave 2 conducted in 2014/2015. Multilevel regression modeling was employed to identify critical risk factors for hypertension based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) (ie, SBP > 140 mmHg). Of the 4667, 27.3% were hypertensive. Final data on 4381 individuals residing in 3790 households were analyzed using multilevel models, and results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Risk factors for hypertension identified were age (aOR) = 5.4, 95% CI: 4.11‐7.09), obesity (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.19‐1.91), marital status (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64‐0.89), perceived health state (moderate; aOR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.15‐1.65 and bad/very bad; aOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.0‐1.83), and difficulty with self‐care (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.1‐2.44). We found unobserved significant differences in the likelihood of hypertension prevalence between different households. Conclusion Addressing the problem of obesity, targeting specific interventions to those aged over 50 years, and improvement in the general health of Ghanaians are paramount to reducing the prevalence and its associated morbidity, disability, and mortality. Lifestyle modification in the form of dietary intake, knowledge provision supported with strong public health message, and political will could be beneficial to the management and prevention of hypertension.

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“…Detailed description of the methods is published elsewhere 23 . The data in this study were used in previous studies 24‐26 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel modeling, prevalence, and predictors of hypertension in Ghana: Evidence from Wave 2 of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health

Aheto

Dagne

2021

Health Science Reports

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“…To further elucidate the patterns and particularly the characteristics associated with self-reported injuries among older adults, several socioeconomic and demographic variables, as well as health characteristics, that have been theoretically and empirically linked with experience of having injuries, were included [5,9,[19][20][21]30]. Participant's age was categorized as follows: 60-69, 70-79, and 80 years or over.…”

Section: Exposure Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Older adults are commonly prone to experience injuries due to functional decline related to greater dependence, physical atrophy, loss of bone mineral density, decreased physical activity, dietary calcium deficiency, or, in women, hormonal withdrawal [5]. Injuries are bodily lesions resulting from acute exposure to energy in amounts exceeding physiologic tolerance that is often categorized as an unintentional or an intentional necessitating public health concern, but is deemed neglected [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Malaysia and Singapore, which are regarded as developed countries in Southeast Asia, home injury prevalence was at 5.8% [9] to 67.9% [13], respectively. The prevalence of all injuries excluding road traffic-related injuries ranged from 1.3% to 9.1% [5,14], while prevalence of bodily injuries excluding falls and road traffic-related injuries ranged from 0.4% to 2.8% in both low-and middle-income countries [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Determinants of Self-Reported Injuries among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Philippines: A 10-Year Pooled Analysis

Moncatar

Nakamura

Siongco

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Injury among older adults is a serious health concern, but little information is known about it, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and examine the socioeconomic, demographic, and health determinants of, self-reported injuries among older Filipinos. Using a pooled data of 21,316 community-dwelling residents aged 60 years or over from three waves of the Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between participants’ characteristics and reports of injuries. The total prevalence of self-reported injuries over a 10-year period was at 1.2%. Older adults with either government or private health insurance were more likely to report experiencing injuries (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14–2.11), regardless of socio-demographic and economic status. In contrast, female older adults were found to be associated with a lower likelihood of self-reported injuries, after adjustment for other variables (AOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.53–0.88). Older adults who attained secondary education or higher also showed a lower likelihood of self-reported injuries (AOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31–0.92). The proportion of older adults with injuries in the Philippines is still relatively low. However, preventive approaches with a special focus on gender, educational attainment, and health insurance status of older adults are warranted.

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“…Older adults may be more vulnerable to injury because of a reduction in muscle mass, loss of mineral bone density, dietary calcium de ciency, a decrease in physical activity, and increase in functional disability [6,7]. To monitor the prevalence and risk factors of unintentional non-fatal injury among older adults is vital to inform intervention strategies [8]. In a national study among older adults (≥ 50 years) in India in 2007, the prevalence of past-year unintentional injury was 9.1%, past-year fall-related injuries 6.6% [9], past-year road tra c injury 2.4%, and other bodily injury (except falls) 2.6% [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of major injuries among older adults in India: Results of a national cross-sectional survey in 2017-2018

Pengpid¹,

Peltzer²

2021

Preprint

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Background: The study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of injury among older adults in India. Methods: The study included 72,262 individuals (45 years and older) from the cross-sectional 2017-2018 Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1.Results: More than one in ten participants (12.9%) had a major injury in the past 2 years, 2.3% had a road traffic injury, 9.4% had a fall injury and 1.9% had other injuries in the past 2 years. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, having 5-9 years education (Adjusted Odds Ratio-AOR: 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval-CI: 1.01-1.79), having sleep problems (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.23-1.57), having two or more chronic conditions (AOR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.05-1.39), functional disability (AOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.04-1.35), pain (AOR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.63-2.02), binge drinking (AOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.55), tobacco use (AOR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10-1.36), poor near vision (AOR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03-1.33), and hearing problems (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.11-1.52) were positively associated with past two years major injury. Compared to Scheduled tribe, Scheduled caste (AOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.54-0.78), and other backward class (AOR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.96), having high subjective socioeconomic status (AOR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97), and urban residence (AOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73-0.93) were negatively associated with past two years major injury. Younger age and male sex were associated with road traffic injury and older age and female sex with were associated with fall injury. Rural residence was associated with fall and other injury. Poor grip strength was positively associated with fall and other injury. Having depressive symptoms and vigorous physical activity were associated with other injury Conclusion: More than one in ten participants (12.9%) had a major injury in the past 2 years, and several risk factors were found that can be utilized in injury prevention strategies in India.

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Prevalence and risk factors associated with non-traffic related injury in the older population in Ghana: Wave 2 of the WHO Study on Global AGEing and adult health (SAGE)

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Multilevel modeling, prevalence, and predictors of hypertension in Ghana: Evidence from Wave 2 of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health

Multilevel modeling, prevalence, and predictors of hypertension in Ghana: Evidence from Wave 2 of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health

Prevalence and Determinants of Self-Reported Injuries among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the Philippines: A 10-Year Pooled Analysis

Prevalence and correlates of major injuries among older adults in India: Results of a national cross-sectional survey in 2017-2018

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