Prevalence and risk factors for hypertension and diabetes among those screened in a refugee settlement in Uganda

Kubiak, Rachel W.; Sveum, Elinor M; Faustin, Zikama; Muwonge, Timothy; Zaidi, Hussain; Kambugu, Andrew; Masereka, Simon; Kasozi, Julius; Bassett, Ingrid V.; O’Laughlin, Kelli N.

doi:10.1186/s13031-021-00388-z

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The study further unveiled those men are at a higher risk of having undiagnosed hypertension compared to women, corroborating findings from a study conducted in a refugee camp in Uganda 12 and results from a national survey in Kenya on the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control, as well as determinants of hypertension Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and their determinants: results from a national survey 13 . These studies demonstrated that men were less likely to be aware of their hypertension status.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension Among Adult Displaced Individuals in Baidoa Camps, Somalia

Jayte

2024

Preprint

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Introduction Hypertension may be prevalent among internally displaced people who typically do not engage in sedentary activities throughout the day. However, the prevalence of hypertension in this population remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among adults living in internally displaced people (IDP) camps around Baidoa. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, recruiting displaced persons in camps aged 18 years or older without a prior diagnosis of hypertension or current use of anti-hypertensive therapy. A standardized questionnaire was administered, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Hypertension was defined as two consistent measurements of systolic blood pressure ≥140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90mmHg, taken 4 hours apart. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with undiagnosed hypertension. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 240 participants were enrolled, with a mean age of 39.4 + 12.8 years. The majority were female (83.3%, n=199) and urban dwellers (88.3%, n=212). The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 16.7% (n=40). Of the participants with hypertension, 40% (n=16) were younger than 40 years. Factors associated with undiagnosed hypertension included age >50 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 7.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9 to 25.6, p=0.003), male gender (aOR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.5 to 11.1, p=0.005), tobacco consumption (aOR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1 to 6.0, p=0.021), and being overweight (aOR: 3.6, 95% CI: 1.5 to 8.8, p=0.005). Conclusion: Approximately one in six adult IDPs living in camps around Baidoa had undiagnosed hypertension, with a disproportionately high burden among those younger than 40 years. Further larger multi-centric studies are warranted to validate these findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension Among Adult Displaced Individuals in Baidoa Camps, Somalia

Jayte

2024

Preprint

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“…Our study is in line with the previous studies on yield and NNS for screening DM and hypertension in PTB patients and their families [11][12][13][14]. The values of NNS and yield were not directly comparable due to the difference in definitions of the two terms.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Thus, hypertension screening should always accompany DM screening, and chronic conditions should be investigated as routine screening programs. This approach is particularly justified in some countries with obtaining the high yield of newly detected cases [11][12][13].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the yield and NNS of screening for DM and hypertension were rarely evaluated in the settings of PTB control programs. Screening activities for diabetes and hypertension in the general population have increased as health systems continue to evolve [11][12][13]. That for diabetes and hypertension in PTB patients has also grown recently [6,14,15 significant to document the magnitude of yield and NNS of DM and hypertension screening among the two populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Yield, NNS and prevalence of screening for DM and hypertension among pulmonary tuberculosis index cases and contacts through single time screening: A contact tracing-based study

et al. 2022

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Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are catastrophic illnesses that collectively lead to increased mortality and premature death. However, the size of the problem and the appropriate approach to deal with the burden is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the yield, number needed to screen (NNS) to prevent one death or adverse event for screening DM and hypertension and assess the prevalence and contributors to DM and/or hypertension. Methods Based on PTB contact tracing, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 801 PTB index cases and 972 household contacts from April 2019 to October 2020 in Guizhou, China. All the participants were screened for DM and hypertension. The yield was calculated as the proportion of newly detected cases among the study subjects, excluding known cases. The NNS was computed by dividing the number needed to treat for risk factors by the prevalence of the unrecognized diseases. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to determine the independent predictors of DM and/or hypertension. Results Of the 1,773 participants, the prevalence of DM and hypertension was 8.7% (70/801) and 15.2% (122/801) in the PTB patients, 3.2% (31/972) and 14.0% (136/972) in the contacts, respectively. The prevalence of DM and/or hypertension was 21.2% (170/801) among the PTB patients and 15.4% (150/972) among their contacts. The screening yields to detect new cases of DM and hypertension among PTB patients were 1.9% and 5.2%, and that in the contacts were 0.8% and 4.8%, respectively. The NNS for DM was 359 for the PTB cases and 977 for the contacts, 299 for PTB cases and 325 for hypertension, respectively. Older age, under or overweight and obesity, family history hypertension and earlier diagnosis of other chronic conditions were the independent predictors for DM and/or hypertension among both PTB cases and their contacts. Conclusion Screening for DM and hypertension should be mandated in PTB patients and their household contacts to disclose undetected cases of these two conditions during TB contact tracing, which might reduce the potential cardiovascular disease deaths.

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“…On the other hand, Burmese refugees in Australia have some level of awareness about the negative effects of smoking tobacco and chewing betel quid but little knowledge about the cessation of these habits [11]. Hypertension is widely prevalent among refugees and asylum seekers in Uganda, with a significant number of people unaware of their condition and consequently suffering from uncontrolled hypertension [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-communicable diseases risk factors among the forcefully displaced Rohingya population in Bangladesh

Rahman

Biswas²,

Banik³

2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Rohingya refugees of Ukhiya, Cox’s bazar are an unaccounted group of people who form the largest cluster of refugees worldwide. Non-communicable disease (NCD) alone causes 70% of worldwide deaths every year therefore, the trend of NCD among Rohingya refugees demands proper evaluation and attention. The objective of this study was to measure the NCD risk factors among a convenient sample of Rohingya refugees. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 Rohingya refugees living in Balukhali and Kutupalang Rohinga Camps at Ukhiya, Cox’s bazaar using a survey dataset adapted from the WHO Stepwise approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS). Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done by trained medical assistants. Descriptive analysis was applied as appropriate for categorical variables. A Chi-square test and a student t test were performed to compare the categories. In general, the findings of NCD risk factors as per STEPS survey was 53.4% for tobacco use including smokeless tobacco, 2.8% for alcohol consumption, 23.7% for inadequate vegetable and fruit intake, 34.5% for taking extra salt, 89.6% for insufficient physical activity, 44.5%for confirmed hypertension, 16.9% for overweight, 1.2% for obesity and 0.8% for high blood sugar. Some modifiable non-communicable disease risk factors such as physical inactivity, tobacco smoking, extra salt with food, and hypertension are present among the Rohinga refugees in Bangladesh. These findings were timely and essential to support the formulation and implementation of NCD-related policies among the Rohingya refugees as a priority sub-population.

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Prevalence and risk factors for hypertension and diabetes among those screened in a refugee settlement in Uganda

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension Among Adult Displaced Individuals in Baidoa Camps, Somalia

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension Among Adult Displaced Individuals in Baidoa Camps, Somalia

Yield, NNS and prevalence of screening for DM and hypertension among pulmonary tuberculosis index cases and contacts through single time screening: A contact tracing-based study

Non-communicable diseases risk factors among the forcefully displaced Rohingya population in Bangladesh

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