Prevalence and Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Pain in Keyboard Musicians: A Systematic Review

Corrêa, Letícia Amaral; Santos, Luciano Teixeira dos; Paranhos, Edmur Nelson Nogueira; Albertini, Alfredo Ignacio Minetti; Parreira, Patrícia do Carmo Silva; Nogueira, Leandro Alberto Calazans

doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.04.001

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Instrumental musicians in general and pianists in particular, are at a risk group for injuries resulting from repetitive motion. The relatively high prevalence of MSD that we found in this study is similar to previous published outcomes for piano students [25,35]. Since playing an instrument will usually affect the UE and the neck regions, it is conceivable that musicians have more complaints related to the upper body than non-musicians [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The correlation between upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and joint kinematics, playing habits and hand span during playing among piano students

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the correlations between Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Symptoms (MSD) and joint kinematics while playing the piano, as well as correlations between MSD and psychosocial, professional and personal habits, and bio-demographic risk factors of piano students.MethodThis cross-sectional study included 15 piano students. The research tools included 3D motion capture, anthropometric measurements, and questionnaires for obtaining data about MSD, psychological, and personal factors.ResultsThe piano students recruited for this study experienced a variety of MSD during the past 12 months, with a particularly high prevalence of neck pain (80%). Extreme wrist extension and/or elbow flexion while playing the piano also correlated with MSD. Additionally, this study identified correlations between MSD and hand span (r = -.69, p≤.004) and number of playing hours per week (r = .58, p≤.024).ConclusionsAnthropometric factors and playing patterns should be considered together with well-known MSD risk factors, like extreme and repetitive movements. However, considering each joint singularly might not be sufficient to prevent the development of MSD when instructing the piano player; accordingly, joint synchronization should also be considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The correlation between upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and joint kinematics, playing habits and hand span during playing among piano students

et al. 2018

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“…3 Pain is the most common symptom of performance-related musculoskeletal disorder and interfere with the ability to play an instrument at the level to which the musician is accustomed. 1,2,[4][5][6] Most authors demonstrate a lifetime prevalence of pain ranging between 62% and 93%. 1,2,[4][5][6] Several questionnaires have been developed to study pain in different contexts; however, there is a lack of validated instruments to evaluate pain among musicians, as well as its functional disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Portuguese version of the musculoskeletal pain intensity and interference questionnaire for musicians (MPIIQM‐Pt): Translation, cultural adaptation, and multicenter validation study in professional orchestra musicians

et al. 2022

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Objectives:We aim to assess the validity and reliability of the Musculoskeletal Pain Intensity and Interference Questionnaire for Musicians (MPIIQM) and to add to its cross-cultural adaptation process by translating, culturally adapting, and validating the MPIIQM into European Portuguese language in the population of Portuguese musicians. Methods: A Portuguese version of the MPIIQM (MPIIQM-Pt) was created through a process of forward and back translation, pilot testing, and cultural adaptation by expert panel evaluation. The psychometric evaluation was performed in a validation sample of 134 musicians, at baseline and after 7 days. Results: The high degree of internal consistency and the substantial testretest reliability coefficients were demonstrated for each subscale (α = 0.896 and ICC = 0.997 for "pain intensity," and α = 0.879 and ICC = 0.999 for "pain interference," respectively). Exploratory factor analysis indicated two-factor structure (pain intensity and interference) that explained 75.5% of the variance. Both convergent and divergent validity are well demonstrated, confirming more than 90% of the previously defined hypotheses regarding correlations with other measures. Discussion: MPIIQM-Pt is the first validated questionnaire to evaluate pain among Portuguese musicians. It showed excellent psychometric properties, both in terms of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and construct validity. Therefore, it is a valid and reliable tool suitable for both research and clinical practice purposes. MPIIQM-Pt will allow the development of more robust studies on pain among musicians and the improved assessment and monitoring of pain in this population, filling an important gap in this field of Pain Medicine.

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“…Playing the piano at a professional level implies efforts due to the intensity of the practice which requires great precision, speed, accuracy and associated psychological stress due to the highly competitive environment ( Quarrier, 1993 ; Rozmaryn, 1993 ; Ciurana Moñino et al, 2017 ). In particular, pianists have a PRMD prevalence that ranges from 26 to 96% whilst 25 to 43% experience it before even starting their music degree ( Spahn et al, 2004 ; Amaral Corrêa et al, 2018 ). Musicians deal with PRMD by adapting to their everyday pain and discomfort, as they consider it not to be strong enough to affect their current abilities to play ( Zaza, 1998 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Density Surface Electromyography Activity of the Lumbar Erector Spinae Muscles and Comfort/Discomfort Assessment in Piano Players: Comparison of Two Chairs

et al. 2021

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Introduction: At a professional level, pianists have a high prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders. This exploratory crossover study was carried out to assess and compare quantitatively [using high density surface electromyography (HDsEMG)], and qualitatively (using musculoskeletal questionnaires) the activity of the lumbar erector spinae muscles (ESM) and the comfort/discomfort in 16 pianists sitting on a standard piano stool (SS) and on an alternative chair (A-chair) with lumbar support and a trunk-thigh angle between 105° and 135°.Materials and Methods: The subjects played for 55 min and HDsEMG was recorded for 20 s every 5 min. For the quantitative assessment of the muscle activity, the spatial mean of the root mean square (RMSROA) and the centroid of the region of activity (ROA) of the ESM were compared between the two chairs. For the qualitative assessment, musculoskeletal questionnaire-based scales were used: General Comfort Rating (GCR); Helander and Zhang’s comfort (HZc) and discomfort (HZd); and Body Part Discomfort (BPD).Results: When using the A-chair, 14 out of 16 pianists (87.5%) showed a significantly lower RMSROA on the left and right side (p < 0.05). The mixed effects model revealed that both chairs (F = 28.21, p < 0.001) and sides (F = 204.01, p < 0.001) contributed to the mean RMSROA variation by subject (Z = 2.64, p = 0.004). GCR comfort indicated that participants found the A-Chair to be “quite comfortable,” and the SS to be “uncomfortable.” GCR discomfort indicated that the SS caused more numbness than the A-Chair (p = 0.05) and indicated the A-Chair to cause more feeling of cramps (p = 0.034). No difference was found on HZc (p = 0.091) or HZd (p = 0.31) between chairs. Female participants (n = 9) reported greater comfort when using the A-Chair than the SS (F = 7.09, p = 0.01) with respect to males. No differences between chairs were indicated by the BPD assessment.Conclusion: It is concluded that using a chair with lumbar support, such as the A-chair, will provide greater comfort, less exertion of the ESM and less discomfort than the standard piano stool.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Pain in Keyboard Musicians: A Systematic Review

Abstract: II.

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

The correlation between upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and joint kinematics, playing habits and hand span during playing among piano students

The correlation between upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and joint kinematics, playing habits and hand span during playing among piano students

The Portuguese version of the musculoskeletal pain intensity and interference questionnaire for musicians (MPIIQM‐Pt): Translation, cultural adaptation, and multicenter validation study in professional orchestra musicians

High Density Surface Electromyography Activity of the Lumbar Erector Spinae Muscles and Comfort/Discomfort Assessment in Piano Players: Comparison of Two Chairs

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