Prevalence and risk factors for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in goats of the Seridó Oriental microregion, Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeast region of Brazil

Neto, José Othon de Araújo; Azevêdo, Sérgio Santos de; Gennari, Solange Maria; Funada, Mikaela Renata; Pena, Hilda Fátima de Jesus; Araujo, A. R. C. P; Batista, Carolina de Souza Américo; Silva, M. L. C. R; Gomes, Albério A. B.; Piatti, Rosa Maria; Alves, Clebert José

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.013

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is similar to that determined in the municipality of Goiânia (43.1%) 22 , in the microregion of Londrina (30.7%) 23 and in the States of Bahia (28.9%) 24 , Pernambuco (40.4%) 25 , Rio Grande do Norte (30.6%) 13 and Minas Gerais (45.8%) 7 . These results also diverge from other works conducted in São Paulo (14.5% 26 and 28.7% 14 ), Uberlândia (19%) 27 , Bahia (16.4%) 28 , Paraíba (24.5%) 29 and in Ceará (25.1%) 15 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…This rearing system permits contact between goats and oocysts excreted in the feces of the wild or domestic felines, thus increasing the probability of infection. Similarly, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, it was observed that the system of extensive management (OR = 1.18) was associated with infection 13 , also previously demonstrated in the State of Ceará 15 , particularly in regions with poor socioeconomic conditions, where goat raising consists subsistence breeding and where it is common for the goats to be confined overnight.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest Referencessupporting

confidence: 69%

“…As demonstrated by several studies, the principal risk factors for infection by T. gondii in goats are: sex and age, in which the principal affected group is adult females; the pluviometric index, high humidity and mild temperatures in the regions where the herds are raised 9,11 ; management systems 13 ; common feeders and drinkers for young and adult goats; the presence of cats; and goats with reproductive disorders on the property in question 4,14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by Toxoplasma gondii in goats in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

Anderlini¹,

Mota

Faria

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Goats are considered very susceptible to infection by Toxoplasma gondii and when this occurs during pregnancy, it may cause fetal death with subsequent fetal resorption, abortion, mummification, stillborn or the birth of weak goats. The objective of this work was to determine the occurrence of and identify risk factors for T. gondii infection in goats in different mesoregions in the State of Alagoas. Methods: The research was conducted on 24 goat breeding farms in 10 municipalities. A total of 454 blood samples were examined for anti-T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. To evaluate the risk factors of toxoplasmosis in goats, questionnaires were applied analyzing the farm's production system and nutritional, reproductive and sanitary management. Results: Disease occurrence was 39% with 95.8% of farms presenting seropositive animals. Significant associations were observed for mesoregion (OR = 0.23; 95%CI = 0.09 -0.57), age (OR = 0.36; 95%CI = 0.20 -0.64), semi-intensive herd management (OR = 8.70; 95%CI = 1.87 -40.43), access of cats to water provided for goats (OR = 3.38; 95%CI = 1.89-6.02) and cats feeding on placental remnants (OR = 2.73; 95%CI = 1.38 -5.40). Conclusions: Toxoplasma gondii infection is disseminated in the State of Alagoas and the adoption of a program that monitors infection foci is required to reduce the risk factors identified in the present study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Conflict Of Interest Referencessupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by Toxoplasma gondii in goats in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

Anderlini¹,

Mota

Faria

et al. 2011

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…Lower infection rates were seen in goats under intensive handling system. Figueiredo et al (2001) and Araújo Neto et al (2008) have both reported that extensive/semi-extensive handling systems are risk factors associated with anti-T. gondii antibodies. Goats raised under these farming systems are more likely to be exposed to oocysts shed by wild and domestic felines on pastures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxoplasma gondii in goats from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil: risks factors and epidemiology

Garcia

Sotomaior

Nascimento

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan with wide geographical distribution and minimal parasitic specificity that affects many species of wild and domestic animals. In livestock, especially in small ruminants like goats, toxoplasmosis can cause abortion and the birth of weak animals, leading to economic losses to farmers, and is a major source of human infection. This is a seroepidemiological study of toxoplasmosis in goats in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Sera from 405 goats from the metropolitan mesoregion of Curitiba, eastern state, were tested by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). Information on properties and goat characteristics was also collected using questionnaires. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 39.41 and 35.96% by ELISA and IFAT, respectively. T. gondii antibody prevalence increased with age. The risk factors for T. gondii infection in goats were: age over one year; exposure to cats, type of management and purpose of breeding. Other epidemiological factors and relevant control measures are discussed in the current study.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, seroepidemiology, risk factors. ResumoA toxoplasmose é uma zoonose causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, um protozoário com vasta distribuição geográfica e pouca especificidade parasitária, que pode afetar muitas espécies de animais selvagens e domésticos. Em animais de produção, especialmente pequenos ruminantes, como caprinos, pode provocar abortos e nascimento de crias fracas, causando perdas econômicas para os criadores, além de ser uma importante fonte de infecção humana. Este é um estudo soroepidemiológico para toxoplasmose caprina no Estado do Paraná. Soros de 405 caprinos da mesorregião metropolitana de Curitiba, no leste paranaense foram avaliados pelas técnicas de imunoensaio enzimático (ELISA) e reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), além da avaliação de questionários com dados das propriedades e animais estudados. A prevalência encontrada foi de 39,41 e 35,96% para as técnicas ELISA e RIFI, respectivamente. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-T. gondii aumenta com a idade dos animais. Os fatores de risco para infecção por T. gondii em caprinos encontrados neste estudo são: idade acima de um ano, presença de gatos, tipo de manejo e propósito da criação. Outros fatores epidemiológicos e medidas de controle são discutidos no presente trabalho.Palavras chave: Toxoplasma gondii, soroepidemiologia, fatores de risco.

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“…This is the second study to investigate toxoplasmosis among goats in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The first, conducted by Neto et al (2008) in the Eastern Seridó region, found that the seroprevalence for toxoplasmosis was 30.6%. Recently, our group observed seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies of 22.1% among sheep in the same State, and the age of the animals, presence of cats and use of unexposed water sources were risk factors for toxoplasmosis in sheep (CLEMENTINO ANDRADE et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in meat and dairy goat herds in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

Medeiros

Andrade

Vitor

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which is the main causative agent of abortion in small ruminants. Goats are among the animals that are most susceptible to this protozoon, and the disease that it causes leads to significant economic losses and has implications for public health, since presence of the parasite in products of goat origin is one of the main sources of human infection. Because of the significant economic impact, there is an urgent need to study the prevalence of T. gondii infection among goats in Sertão do Cabugi, which is the largest goat-producing region in Rio Grande do Norte. In the present study, the ELISA assay was used to test 244 serum samples from nine farms, located in four different municipalities in the Sertão do Cabugi region, which is an important goat-rearing region. The results showed that the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 47.1% and that there was a significant association between positivity and the variables of age (≥ 34 months), location (Lajes, Angicos and Afonso Bezerra) and farm (all the farms). The avidity test was applied to all the 115 ELISA-positive samples to distinguish between acute and chronic infection. One hundred and three samples (89.6%) displayed high-avidity antibodies, thus indicating that most of the animals presented chronic infection, with a consequent great impact on the development of the goat production system and a risk to human health.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii infection, goats, avidity ELISA, anti-T. gondii antibodies, risk factors. ResumoA toxoplasmose é causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii, principal agente causador de aborto em pequenos ruminantes. Os caprinos são uns dos animais mais suscetíveis a esse protozoário, levando a perdas econômicas significativas e implicações para a saúde pública, uma vez que a presença do parasito em produtos de origem caprina é uma das principais fontes de infecção humana. Devido ao impacto econômico significativo torna-se urgente estudar a prevalência da infecção, pelo T. gondii, entre caprinos do Sertão do Cabugi, a maior região produtora de caprinos no Rio Grande do Norte. O presente estudo utilizou o ELISA para testar 244 amostras de soro de 9 fazendas, situadas em 4 diferentes cidades na região do Sertão do Cabugi; uma importante região de criação de cabras. Os resultados mostraram uma prevalência de 47,1% para anticorpos anti-T. gondii e uma significativa associação entre a positividade e as variáveis idade (≥ 34 meses), localização (Lajes, Angicos e Afonso Bezerra e propriedade (todas as fazendas). O teste de avidez foi aplicado a todas as 115 amostras positivas pelo ELISA para discriminar entre infecção aguda e crônica. Cento e três amostras (89,6%) apresentaram anticorpos de alta avidez; indicando que a maioria dos animais estavam em infecção crônica, gerando um grande impacto sobre o desenvolvimento do sistema de produção em cabras e um risco para a saúde humana.Palavras-chave: Infecção por Toxoplasma gondii, caprinos, ELISA de avidez, anticorpos anti-T.gondii, fatores de risco.

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Prevalence and risk factors for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in goats of the Seridó Oriental microregion, Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeast region of Brazil

Cited by 38 publications

References 8 publications

Occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by Toxoplasma gondii in goats in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

Occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by Toxoplasma gondii in goats in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

Toxoplasma gondii in goats from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil: risks factors and epidemiology

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in meat and dairy goat herds in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

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