Prevalence and risk factors for myopia and high myopia: A cross‐sectional study among Han and Uyghur students in Xinjiang, China

Jing, Si-li; Yi, Xianglong; Lei, Yaolong; Hu, Lumei; Cheng, Wenbo; Wen, Tao; Liu, Huan; Luo, Mei

doi:10.1111/opo.12907

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Specifically, the prevalence of low myopia was 46.87%, moderate myopia was 8.74%, and high myopia was 2.26%. This prevalence was higher than that of Kazakh students in Urumqi, Xinjiang (11.98%) [8], students in Aksu area (17.91%) [9], Karamay city (39.2%) [10], and other places in Xinjiang (47.70) [11], and Xinjiang in 2014 (39.8%) [12]. However, it was lower than in other areas in China, such as Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province (81.4%) [13] and Tianjin (78.2%) [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Refractive Errors and Risk Factors for Myopia in Primary School Students in Urumqi

Han

Wang

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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Objective. To investigate the prevalence of refractive errors and risk factors for myopia in primary school students in Saybag District of Urumqi. Methods. A total of 972 primary school students in two elementary schools in Saybag District were included in this study which was conducted from June 2019 to November 2019. Uncorrected visual acuity test and noncycloplegic autorefraction were performed, and their visual acuity was analyzed. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to predict risk factors for myopia. Results. Myopia was the most frequent refractive error among primary school students aged 7-11 in Sayibake District, Urumqi City, with a prevalence rate of 60.39%, and mainly mild myopia. The proportion of myopia increased with age, and the proportion of females suffering from myopia was higher than that of males, and the proportion of students from the Han ethnic group suffering from myopia was also higher than that of the other ethnic groups. The students mainly suffered from mild myopia, and the degree of myopia was related to age and gender, regardless of ethnicity. In addition, multivariate regression analysis showed that age and gender were the influencing factors of myopia occurrence and progression Conclusion.Our study results showed a significant prevalence of myopia in pupils aged 7-11 years in Saybag District of Urumqi is affected by gender and age and not by ethnicity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Refractive Errors and Risk Factors for Myopia in Primary School Students in Urumqi

Han

Wang

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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“…Ueda E 24 and coworkers, based on a cohort study, found that older age and longer axial length were associated with the development of myopic maculopathy. Jing S 25 and coworkers also reported that age was positively associated with high myopia. However, it is not easy to fully explain why age is a risk factor for high myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Incidence and its risk factors of high myopia in Chinese rural adults: A population-based six-year cohort study

Cao

Hao

Wang

2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Background To investigate the incidence rate of high myopia and its risk factors in adults. Methods This was a population-based cohort study, 4582 adults aged ≥ 30 years from rural area of China were included. The follow-up duration was six years. Objective refraction (sphere, cylinder, and axis) was measured using an autorefractor. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors of high myopia, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. Results During the six-year follow-up, 25 participants developed high myopia. The incidence rate was 0.55% (95%CI: 0.44% to 0.66%), and were 0.54% (11/2035) in males and 0.55% (14/2547) in females. The age-gender standardized annual incidence rate was 0.11%. The median changes in spherical equivalent (SE) of all participants was 0.25D (IQR: −0.125 to 0.625). For the baseline myopic adults and non-myopic adults, the median changes in SE were 0.125D (IQR: −0.375 to 0.5), and 0.25D (IQR: −0.125 to 0.625). The difference was significant (p < 0.001). Of the two subgroups, 1.52% (21/1383) and 0.13% (4/3199) developed high myopia during six years. The risk of developing high myopia in baseline myopic adults was 11.7 times higher than that of the baseline non-myopic adults ( p < 0.001). Age (OR = 1.061, 95%CI: 1.022 to 1.103, p = 0.002), and baseline myopia (OR = 1.007, 95%CI: 1.001 to 1.012, p < 0.001) were risk factors for high myopia. Conclusion The age-gender standardized annual incidence rate of high myopia in Chinese rural adults is 0.11%. More than 30% of adults still have myopia progression. Myopia control is of great significance for high myopia prevention.

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“…Furthermore, consistent with ndings from both domestic and international surveys, the myopia rate among females was higher than that among males. [13][14][15] This trend may be attributed to the relatively lower amount of time females spend engaging in outdoor activities compared to males, and longer periods of close-eye use 16,17 . Research on the prevalence of myopia, both nationally and internationally, is mostly based on cross-sectional studies with a minimum time interval of one year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in myopia development among Chinese children and adolescents in Xuzhou during one academic year

Li,

Liao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and progression of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou City, China, during one academic year. Methods: The study employed a prospective research design and utilized a whole-group sampling method to conduct non-cycloplegic spot photo screenings on a sample of 38,041 students from 44 primary and secondary schools in Xuzhou City, China. A one-year follow-up was conducted to gather data on spherical equivalent refraction (SER), and subsequent analysis was carried out to explore the disparities in myopia prevalence among primary and secondary school students within the same academic year, as well as the progression of myopia. Results: During the 2022 academic year, the overall prevalence of myopia in the first and second semesters was 62.6% and 64.2% respectively, indicating an increasing trend. Particularly in primary school, the prevalence of myopia increased with higher grade levels, and significant variations in myopia prevalence were observed mainly in grades 1-3 and 7 (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of myopia in middle school remained stable, while in primary school, there was a positive correlation between myopia incidence and grade level, with the highest rate of 20.1% in grade 6. Among the myopic population, the median value of spherical equivalent refraction slightly decreased between the two semesters. The proportion of high myopia increased among students in grades 5-8. Conclusions: Our study revealed that within the same academic year, the prevalence of myopia and the severity of myopia have significantly increased in Xuzhou City, China, accompanied by an increase in the proportion of high myopia. For different grade levels, we should adopt personalized prevention and control measures, with a particular focus on lower grade levels and students who have just entered a new grade.

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Prevalence and risk factors for myopia and high myopia: A cross‐sectional study among Han and Uyghur students in Xinjiang, China

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Refractive Errors and Risk Factors for Myopia in Primary School Students in Urumqi

Refractive Errors and Risk Factors for Myopia in Primary School Students in Urumqi

Incidence and its risk factors of high myopia in Chinese rural adults: A population-based six-year cohort study

Trends in myopia development among Chinese children and adolescents in Xuzhou during one academic year

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