Prevalence and risk factors for IgG antibodies to Neospora spp. in three types of equids from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Nazir, Muhammad Mudasser; Ayaz, Muhammad; Ahmed, Atif Nisar; Rasheed, Imran; Faraz, Asim; Akram, Qaisar; Akhtar, Saleem; Maqbool, Azhar; Tabassum, Shahida; Zheng, Yadong; Lindsay, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.09.007

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This study provides relevant information about the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii (12%) and anti-N. caninum (5.1%) in mules, since, among the equids, it is the least studied [7,19,20]. However, mules, despite having a predisposition to infertility [21], are able to travel long distances in urban and rural areas [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

et al. 2023

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The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in equids that carry out traction work in Northeastern Brazil, and to establish the potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for these agents. Blood samples were collected from 322 traction equids (horses, donkeys and mules) in urban areas of 16 municipalities in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. The samples were sent for serological diagnosis using the Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT). Epidemiological questionnaires were given to the owners to assess the possible risk factors associated with infections. It was observed that 13.7% (44/322, CI: 10.9–16.5) of the equids tested positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies and 5% (16/322, CI: 2.6–7.4) tested positive for anti-N. caninum antibodies. Conducting traction work for over four years was considered a risk factor associated with T. gondii infection (odds ratio: 6.050; CI: 4.38–8.54, p = 0.025). There were no risk factors associated with N. caninum infection. It was concluded that traction equids have a significant prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in urban areas in the State of Paraíba, with an identified risk factor for seropositivity for anti-T. gondii as conducting traction work for more than four years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

et al. 2023

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“…The elevated seroprevalence in Asia can be attributed to the diagnostic techniques employed in the studies. Two studies utilized IFAT [16,36], three studies used ELISA [20,30,35], and one study employed MAT [36], which presented 48.5% seroprevalence. The choice of diagnostic technique may have contributed to the high seroprevalence due to the lower sensibility of MAT and lower specificity of ELISA assays, thus leading to increased heterogeneity in the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Overview of Neospora spp. Infection in Equids Diagnosed by Serological Tests: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Costa,

Alvares,

Araújo

et al. 2023

Parasitologia

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Equids can be infected by Neospora spp., and its infection is associated with neurological and reproductive disorders. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the prevalence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in horses, donkeys and mules worldwide between 2012 and 2022. Five scientific databases were consulted: MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, PubMed, LILACS and SciELO, using the descriptors “protozoan” or “neospora” AND “horses” or “donkeys” or “mules”. A total of 1909 studies were screened, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of Neospora spp. infection in equids, based on a total of 11,076, was 8.34% (95% CI: 4.78–14.17%). Further analysis by species revealed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection across equids: 8.5% (95% CI 5.03–13.99%) in horses, 7.36% (CI 2.08–22.94%) in donkeys and 6.07% (95% CI 0.71–36.83%) in mules. Regarding diagnostic tests, the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was 8.08% (95% CI: 3.74–16.61%), by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was 7.91% (95% CI: 3.71–16.08%), and by the modified agglutination test (MAT) was 20% (95% CI: 15.37–25.60%). This meta-analysis provided valuable and comprehensive insights into the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection in horses, donkeys, and mules using serological detection methods. The results highlight the wide distribution of Neospora spp. infection in equids across all continents, indicating the importance of this infection. Transmission of the parasite can occur both horizontally (directly between animals) and vertically (from mother to offspring), further emphasizing the significance of understanding and managing this infection in equid populations.

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“…Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of horses in sterile vacuum tubes without anticoagulants; after that, serum was separated by centrifugation and stored at − 20°C until further analysis. Furthermore, to identify samples from horse-populated areas, a cluster sampling technique was employed 23,24 . During sample collection, owners provided information on particular animal characteristics (gender, age, and breed), as well as on local management and environmental conditions (presence of cats, mice, and dogs, equine use and breeding methods).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. in Horse Population of Tehran, the Capital of Iran: Insights from the First Survey Analysis

Shams,

Jokar,

Abdous

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are two closely related protozoan parasites which are widely distributed through the world by causing fetal malformations and neurological disorders in a wide range of animals and human in T.gondii. Horses can act as intermediate hosts for both parasites and can acquire disease. Blood samples were taken from 487 clinically healthy horses of 17 different mechanized stables in Tehran, the capital of Iran, during September and November of 2022. Through sample collection, information regarding animal characteristics, local management and environmental conditions were recorded. IFAT and ELISA was employed to detect antibodies directed against Neospora spp. and T. gondii. The IFAT results show that anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected in 52 of 487 animals (10.67%) and antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 41 horses (8.42%). Also, In 6 of 487 horses (1.23%) double positivity suggested co-infection with both parasites. Gender, age groups, and the presence of dogs for neosporosis, and age groups and the presence of cats for toxoplasmosis, could be considered as factors having an influence on the seroprevalences (P<0.05). The results proved these parasites are present suggests that powerful regulatory measures should be implemented to prevent and control the spread.

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Prevalence and risk factors for IgG antibodies to Neospora spp. in three types of equids from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Neospora caninum Antibodies in Urban Traction Equids in Northeast Brazil: Seroprevalence and Risk Factors

Worldwide Overview of Neospora spp. Infection in Equids Diagnosed by Serological Tests: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora spp. in Horse Population of Tehran, the Capital of Iran: Insights from the First Survey Analysis

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