Prevalence and Risk Factors for Minor Hallucinations in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Zhong, Min; Gu, Ruxin; Zhu, Sha; Wu, Zhuang; Lang, Xun; Shen, Bo; Zhu, Jun; Pan, Yang; Yan, Jun; Zhang, Li

doi:10.1155/2021/3469706

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, we found that the FC strength of the SFGmed and the left middle occipital gyrus correlated with RBD assessment scores and that the FC strength of the SFGmed and the right calcarine sulcus correlated with PDSS and mood assessment scores. Previous studies have found correlations between MH and RBD, sleep quality, and mood disorder (Zhong et al, 2021); thus, reduced FC between the SFGmed and the visual cortex is important in MH and may be an imaging marker of it. Since MH and the beginning symptoms of RBD such as vivid dreams and sleep disruption were reported to be warning signs of worsen cognitive impairment during the course of PD (Lenka et al, 2016), early identification and intervention of MH are significant for these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…All subjects were scored on the MoCA, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (Chaudhuri et al, 2002) for all PD patients was performed to assess motor symptoms and sleep conditions. As mentioned, a questionnaire (Zhong et al, 2021) was used to record the characteristics of MH in the PD-MH group in more detail.…”

Section: Clinical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Background: Minor hallucination (MH) is the most common psychotic symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD); it can develop into well-structured visual hallucination (VH), suggesting that MH may be a staccato form of wellstructured VH. However, it remains unclear whether the pathogenesis is the same. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the altered gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity (FC) of MH in PD to further understand the complex mechanisms. Materials and methods:We included 67 PD patients who attended the outpatient clinic of Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital and recruited 31 healthy controls (HC). Demographic data and clinical characteristics of all subjects were recorded, and cranial structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state functional MRI data were acquired. Patients were classified into the PD with MH (PD-MH) group and PD without hallucinations or delusions (PD-NH) group. Voxel-based morphometry was used to analyze the differences in GMV in the structural pattern. Seed-based FC was used to analyze the functional pattern. Gaussian random field correction was used, with voxel level P < 0.001 and cluster level P < 0.05 representing statistically significant differences. Finally, the correlation between FC values and scores on the clinical characteristics assessment scale was analyzed.Results: In the GMV analysis, compared to the PD-NH group, the PD-MH group had reduced GMV in the medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed). In the FC analysis, the FC between the SFGmed and the left middle occipital gyrus and right calcarine sulcus decreased in the PD-MH group compared with the PD-NH group, while the FC between SFGmed and the left middle temporal gyrus increased. Correlation analysis revealed that the FC values of the SFGmed and right calcarine sulcus were correlated with the assessment Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 01 frontiersin.org Zhong et al. 10.3389/fnagi.2022.923560 scores for anxiety and sleep symptoms. The FC values of the SFGmed and left middle occipital gyrus were correlated with assessment scores for rapid eye movement disorder. Conclusion:The aberrant structure and function of the default mode network and visual processing areas seems to facilitate the generation of MH in PD, as the alteration was previously found in well-structured VH, suggesting that the two hallucinations have similar pathophysiological mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Clinical Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Zhong

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Moreover, LEDD doses were higher in the PIGD subgroup in our study, which may lead to an increased incidence of MHs in the PIGD subgroup. However, increasing evidence suggested that the appearance of MHs represented the more aggressive PD, regardless of levodopa doses (18,50). Therefore, LEDs should be used as potential confounders for additional analysis in subsequent studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the fact that MHs may precede the onset of motor symptoms, the result may be negative. Based on a previous study, a more detailed questionnaire was used to describe the characteristics of MHs as precisely as possible (18). The severity of motor symptoms was measured by the UPDRS III and Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) scales, while the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMS-Quest) was used to assess nonmotor symptoms.…”

Section: Clinical Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of minor hallucinations in different phenotypes of Parkinson’s disease: A cross-sectional study

Wang

Chen

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundMinor hallucinations (MHs) are the most common psychiatric symptom associated with Parkinson’s disease (PDPsy), but little is known about their characteristics in different motor phenotypes, especially postural instability gait difficulty (PIGD). The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features of MHs in different subtypes of PD.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 213 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) were recruited, and the data obtained included comprehensive demographics, motor subtypes, clinical scale scores, and MH contents. Motor subtypes were classified as tremor-dominant (TD), PIGD or indeterminate according to Stebbins’ method.ResultsA total of 213 PD patients were included: 90 (42.3%) TD patients, 98 (46.0%) PIGD patients and 25 (11.7%) indeterminate. In total, 70 (32.9%) patients experienced MHs. Compared to patients with the TD phenotype, we found that patients with the PIGD phenotype had more severe motor and nonmotor symptoms. They also had a higher incidence of visual illusions (VIs) and a shorter MH latency.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that compared to patients with the TD phenotype, patients with the PIGD phenotype had a higher incidence of MHs, especially VIs, which may lead to a higher incidence of visual hallucinations (VHs). They also had a shorter latency of MHs than patients with the TD phenotype, suggesting an earlier onset of MHs and a worse prognosis.

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“…Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-largest neurodegenerative disease with clinical manifestations of motor and nonmotor symptoms. As a common nonmotor symptom, minor hallucinations (MHs) have been recognized as a premotor symptom [ 1 , 2 ] and the most frequently present hallucination in PD [ 3 ]. MHs consist of presence hallucinations, passage hallucinations, and visual illusions [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of Plasma Homocysteine and Minor Hallucinations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Zhong

Zhu

et al. 2022

Behavioural Neurology

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Purpose. Minor hallucinations (MHs) are the most common psychotic phenomena in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and it has important clinical and prognostic implications in PD. Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) has been reported to predict the outcome of PD; whether or not Hcy is associated with MH is not known. We aim to investigate the Hcy level and related factors in patients with PD and MH. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study and included 99 patients with PD, 34 with MH, and 65 without any hallucinations. The clinical and demographic data of the patients with and without hallucinations were compared. Hcy-related clinical factors were also analyzed. Results. The plasma Hcy level was higher in MH patients than in patients without hallucinations, and the result was more pronounced in male patients than in female patients. Differences were also observed when the groups were divided on the basis of levodopa equivalent daily dose and disease duration. The high Hcy concentration was correlated with some symptoms in patients with MH, including motor dysfunction and nonmotor symptoms, such as symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract, angiocarpy, sleep/fatigue, and poor visuospatial/executive function. Conclusions. Results indicated a higher plasma Hcy concentration in MH patients than in their counterparts and revealed that Hcy is associated with certain motor and nonmotor symptoms in patients with MH. Hcy may be a marker of MH and have important therapeutic implications in PD.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Minor Hallucinations in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Aberrant gray matter volume and functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with minor hallucination

Clinical features of minor hallucinations in different phenotypes of Parkinson’s disease: A cross-sectional study

Elevation of Plasma Homocysteine and Minor Hallucinations in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

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