Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees of Western Maharashtra – a cross sectional study

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONHypertension, the -silent killer‖ -is a modern day's epidemic and is an increasingly important medical and global public health issue due to its role in causation of coronary heart disease, stroke and other vascular complications.1 It is defined as systolic blood pressure measuring more than or equal to 140 mm of mercury and diastolic blood pressure measuring more than or equal to 90 mm of mercury recorded in an individual according to JNC 7.2 The global prevalence of raised blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and over was around 22% in 2014. 3 Approximately 9.4 million deaths and 7% of disease burden as measured in DALYs (disability -adjusted life years) are caused by raised blood pressure in 2010. Higher the blood pressure, higher the risk of both stroke and coronary events. 4 Overall prevalence for hypertension in India was found to be 29.8%. About 33% urban and 25% rural Indians have hypertension. 5ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension, the -silent killer‖ -is a modern day's epidemic and is becoming a public health emergency worldwide, especially in the developing countries. Sedentary life-style and stress are important risk factors for hypertension. The job of bank employees is both sedentary in nature and accompanies high levels of mental stress, thereby at a higher risk of developing hypertension. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2014 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. By using multistage sampling method, total 340 bank employees from 40 branches were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After all ethical considerations, the data were collected by using pre-designed, pre-tested and semistructured questionnaire and then analysed using MS Excel, SPSS-22 and Primer of Biostatistics. Results: Overall prevalence of hypertension was 39.7% and that of pre-hypertension was 41.8% among the study population. Socio-demographic factors like age, male gender, family history of hypertension, mode of travel, physical activity, overweight, years of service, intake of coffee and smoking had shown significant association with hypertension. Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was found as significantly higher in bank employees than the general population of India. Among the non-hypertensives large part was pre-hypertensives which are also at high risk of developing hypertension in the future.

Control of hypertension among teachers in schools in Kerala (CHATS-K), India

“…26 School teachers in Saudi Arabia 27 reported a hypertension prevalence of 25%. Consistent with prior findings, 13 , 28 our study had a higher prevalence of hypertension among older adults. Hypertension prevalence in the age group of 45–54 years (39.8%) reported from general population in India 29 was higher than the present study results of 25.6% hypertension prevalence in the same age group.…”

“…Several studies have reported a cause-effect relationship between job strain and high blood pressure. 11 , 12 A study among bank employees in Maharashtra state of India reported a hypertension prevalence of 42% 13 whereas another study in workers of ammunition factory in western part of India reported a hypertension prevalence of 43%. 14 A Chinese study among the working population reported 23% hypertension prevalence and 8.5% control rate of hypertension.…”

Prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors among bank workers of Kathmandu

“…This finding is consistent with findings from other studies done on bank workers 9,12,[20][21][22][23] . However there are studies which fail to establish a significant association between gender and hypertension 24,25 .Prevalence of hypertension among males is higher than in females in general population of Nepal 16,17 which corroborates with our study finding. Significant association was found between physical activity and hypertension in this study and similar findings were reported by many other studies 9,12,13 .…”

“…Significant association was found between physical activity and hypertension in this study and similar findings were reported by many other studies 9,12,13 . However, some studies have shown no significant association between physical activity and hypertension 20,26 . Our findings revealed that hypertension is significantly higher among participants with known history of diabetes as had been reported by other studies 10,25 .…”

“…However, some studies have shown no significant association between physical activity and hypertension 20,26 . Our findings revealed that hypertension is significantly higher among participants with known history of diabetes as had been reported by other studies 10,25 . Unlike our findings Ismail et.al 24 in their study on bank workers reported no association between diabetes and hypertension.…”