Prevalence and Risk Factors of Strongyloides Stercoralis Infection in Selected Tea Garden of Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Strongyloidiasis infection is partially an asymptomatic infection and the diagnosis of patent infection is difficult using conventional parasitological methods. The residents of tea garden community of Sylhet, Bangladesh were robustly tested. Method:The collected stool samples were tested by Harada mori culture for the presence of larval stage of Strongyloides stercoralis and to reaffirm the same samples were subjected for conventional PCR, using primer sets deigned to amplify partial ribosomal DNA of S. stercoralis genome. Finally data analysis was performed by Logistic Regression procedure using STATA 13 (College Station, Texas 77845 USA) and Pearson λ 2 test, with consideration of P <0.05 as an indication of significant.Result: A total of 300 stool samples freshly collected and examined among those 18 (06.00%) samples were found positive for S. stercoralis in Harada mori culture. In amplification of DNA extracted from raw samples and culture fluid of positive sample, the conventional PCR detected S. stercoralis 38 (12.67%) positive. There were 6 samples positive in Harada mori culture but did not show any response in sophisticated PCR techniques it might be due to low burden of infection. Periodic anthelmintic does not taking OR= 3.946(95% CI 1.369-11.375; P=0.011) and does not wash feet coming from out OR= 5.158(95% CI 1.656-16.068; P=0.005) significantly associated with Strongyloidiases infection. Conclusion:This study confirmed that S. stercoralis is prevalent in the tea garden community of Sylhet identified by both parasitological and molecular methods. The preventive measures by deworming are warranted. Public health education regarding properly periodic anthelmintic taking, wash feet coming from out and personal hygiene are also additional required elements.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in urban slum community of Dhaka, Bangladesh

“…In the present study, the prevalence of S. stercoralis was 13.42%; higher in female (13.85%) than in male (11.77%) (t=1.57, p=0.36) (Figure 1) which is supported by Hossain et al (2016). Sultana et al (2015) conducted a coproanalysis among the slum dwellers of Dhaka and found higher prevalence of S. stercoralis in male (16.66%) than in female (11.32%).…”

“…The lowest was observed in the summer (2.50%) (t=2.079, p=0.173) (Table 2) which is supported by another work (Ali-Shtayeh et al, 1989). A study conducted among the inhabitants of tea garden, Sylhet disclosed the winter season comprising the highest percentage of infection whereas rainy stood second; summer showed the lowest infection and researchers assumed that the variation of infection might be due to the environmental factors stimulating development of the larvae (Hossain et al, 2016).…”

Overview of Strongyloidiasis: A Neglected Tropical Disease

“…Males, people of white race, residents of chronic care institutions (Proctor et al, 1987) and people working with soil (such as person work in coal mines and farms) are at the greatest risk of acquiring this disease Keiser and Nutman, 2004). The seasonal distribution of Strongyloides infection was observed to be highest during rainy season (Hossain et al, 2016a;Hossain, 2015;Cook et al, 2009;Khanum et al, 2014) than summer and winter. During winter the environmental temperatures going low which arrest the development of rhabditiform larvae and continuation of free life cycle (Fauci, 2008).…”

“…Molecular and serological studies ensured its continuous existence in Bangladesh (Hossain et al, 2016a(Hossain et al, , 2016b(Hossain et al, , 2016cHall et al, 1994;Sultana et al, 2012). Severe complication with clumsy infection of strongyloidiasis may lead to substantial mortality as high as 87% (Ericsson et al, 2001).…”